Purpose: In this clinical focus article, the authors argue for robust vocabulary instruction with emergent bilingual learners both in inclusive classroom settings and in clinical settings for emergent bilinguals with language and literacy disorders. Robust vocabulary instruction focuses on high-utility academic words that carry abstract meanings…

Textbooks play an important role in educational contexts especially in EFL contexts their role are more highlighted. Textbook evaluation in any type, predictive or retrospective, is a necessary part of curriculum design and in this sense is a worthwhile means of conducting research. Recently, Top Notch series have become widely used in Iranian…

For linguistically diverse communities, researchers have long questioned assessment approaches that disregard learners' multilingualism. Our study offers potential approaches that center contextualized, multilingual knowledges and skills within classroom-based language assessments with one teacher and his English foreign language courses for…

An Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) may be evaluated either during the interview procedure (direct-method) or from a tape-made oral interaction (semi-direct method). Such variety in methods of assessment can influence test takers' scores extensively. However, it is not conclusive whether such differences are due to test format or something else.…

Many ELT examinations have gone online in the last few years and a large number of educational institutions have also started considering the possibility of implementing their own tests. This paper deals with the training of a group of 24 ELT teachers in the Region of Valencia (Spain). In 2007, the Ministry of Education provided funds to determine…

Describes a methodology conference which took place in 1980 in Dijon for European secondary school teachers in which they were exposed to French teaching methods. Results show they were especially resistant to audiovisual methods. (BK)

Discusses Concordia University Colloquium in July 1981 whose theme was a renaissance for the language laboratory. The primary conclusion was that the language laboratory of the past is destined to become the open learning center of the future and that communicative drills must replace mechanical manipulations of language. (Author/BK)

The great numbers of Indo-Chinese refugees in Ontario have placed tremendous pressure on three major fields' teaching resources: the volunteer system, the community college, and the school system. The amount done for the refugees is not equal among the communities. Many high school age children have no ESL programs. (PJM)

Globalization and internationalization are related but not the same thing. Globalization is the context of economic and academic trends that are part of the reality of the 21st century. Internationalization includes the policies and practices undertaken by academic systems and institutions--and even individuals--to cope with the global academic…

Sketches the situation with respect to total student participation, individual achievement, regional differences, class hours, and guiding principles. Closes with a brief indication of possibilities for solving the problem of the Hauptschule (a "terminal" 9- or 10-grade school). (IFS/WGA)

Sketches the contemporary situation of terminal, 9- or 10-grade schools with respect to subjects required, individual treatment, class hours, guiding principles, relation to the Realschule (a nonpreparatory high school), and number of students in the school. (IFS/WGA)

Sketches the contemporary situation in the Hauptschule (a 9- or 10-grade "terminal" school) in Bavaria, with respect to guiding principles, position of the Hauptschule pupils in the total school population, conclusion of studies at the Hauptschule, and teacher training. (IFS/WGA)

Basing a manual communication system on written forms of English has two problems: (1) conventional forms of manual communication are based on the wrong modality; and (2) they do not represent English on any level. This causes an imbalance in the word-to-sign ratio in the classroom. (PJM)

Reviews principles for hardware selection, and forecasts the state of technology in terms of fidelity, feedback, and open architecture in language training. (six references) (GLR)

Discusses what is known and done about bilingualism in early childhood education, highlighting Australia's language education experience. Notes that bilingualism can enhance child development, but the needs of bilingual Australian children are often ignored so their potential bilingualism is lost or underdeveloped. Their language-learning programs…