Describes English modal verbs and their closest equivalents in Moroccan Arabic. Because there is no modal in Moroccan Arabic equivalent to 'must,' positive and negative deductions are arrived at using adverbs. Suggests this can be confusing to Moroccan learners of English. (Author/BK)

Explores use of phrase 'taken for granted' including 'accept as true' and 'to fail to give subject's due.' Suggests latter usage has been noticed by few dictionary compilers, and EFL learners find it difficult to use and understand. (Author/BK)

Briefly outlines progress in neurolinguistics including Broca's aphasia, multilingual aphasiacs, lateralization, and localization as possible explanations for problem of adult foreign language accent. (BK)

Presents several types of synophones, words similar in sound but different in meaning, including those differing in one phoneme only, more than one phoneme which can have an identical Latin root, and several phonemes which defy exact definition. Suggests validity of context as aid to comprehension of unknown words should not be overestimated.…

Presents results of survey conducted to discover the reading habits and preferences of secondary school students in Greece. Results show a high percentage read a newspaper often and the number of books read per month is high. (BK)

Discusses teacher overload, learner underinvolvement, and learner training to support a switch of emphasis from teaching to learning materials and concludes that questions about materials should be related to conception of the whole of language teaching and learning as the cooperative management of language learning. (Author/BK)

Describes and gives results of sample questionnaire used to determine priorities in reading techniques of both students and teachers when confronted with reading material in a second language. What students report as their reading activities and what teachers believe they should be are not the same. (Author/BK)

Discusses the claim that attitudes determine the way a foreign language is acquired v the claim that the exact opposite relationship exists. Concludes that the motivational hypothesis does not fully account for the relationship between attitude and success and that foreign language learning causes the formation of positive and negative attitudes.…

Discusses the effectiveness of a treasure hunt as an educational language-activity for students of English as a second language. Instructions for the treasure hunt and a sample list of items are included. (CFM)

Discusses two types of adjectival phrase: (1) the premodifying phrases derived from postmodifying equivalents, and (2) obligatory coordination with and between semantically similar pairs of premodifying adjectives. (Author/CFM)

This article presents a method for teaching the meaning of the word "hope" to students of English as a second/foreign language. (CFM)

While proficiency tests make a positive statement about the language ability of those who pass, it says nothing about those who don't. Since the proficiency test's questions are too general, a "sufficiency" test was developed to determine if students had "enough" English to meet the needs that motivated their study. (PJM)

Discusses aspects of the English as a second language (ESL) immigrant and ethnic minority classroom. Discusses the practical problems faced by teachers in the multicultural and multilingual classroom, the possible effect of racism on language learning, and the need for a multicultural rather than monocultural approach to ESL. (Author/PJM)

Consists of a curriculum guide prepared by teachers of English as a second language to children between the ages of five and seven in the "English to Immigrants" service of the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell. (CFM)

This report discusses a program designed to teach English to German children in Munich, Germany. (CFM)