The effects of working memory (WM) demand and reminders on an event-based prospective memory (PM) task were compared between students with low and high achievement in math. WM load (1- and 2-back tasks) was manipulated as a within-subject factor and reminder (with or without reminder) as a between-subject factor. Results showed that high-achieving…

The possibility that four famous men--Thomas Alva Edison, Woodrow Wilson, Hans Christian Andersen, and Leonardo da Vinci--might have been reading disabled is considered by examining information concerning: (1) biographical records, (2) cognitive characteristics, (3) neuropsychological characteristics, and (4) biological characteristics. (Author/DB)

A study examined the differences between elementary school students with learning disabilities and other high- and low-achieving students on three social dimensions: sociometric status, behavior as rated by teachers, and self-ratings of social competence. Results indicated children with learning disabilities may be at higher risk socially than the…

The study examined the persistence of problems resulting from learning disabilities during school-age years (retrospectively) and in adult years. A rating scale of characteristics of learning disabilities was given to 133 adults identified as learning disabled in school and highly or moderately successful in employment. Persistence of problem…

This study of three groups of students from kindergarten through third grade found that students with learning disabilities or with low achievement did not differ significantly on social skills or behavior problems over time, though both groups demonstrated more behavior problems and lower social skills than the average/high achievement students.…

The social functioning of primary grade students identified as learning disabled (LD; n=16), low achieving (LA; n=27), or average/high achieving (AHA; n=21) was assessed at the beginning and end of the school year. Students with LD were less well liked, more frequently rejected, and had lower academic self-concept scores. However, LD students…

Sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade students (n=135) were administered the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale. Teachers and parents also rated the children's self-concepts. Teachers generally underestimated the self-concepts of average students and students with learning disabilities but overestimated high achieving students' self-concepts.…

A group of seventh- and eighth-grade Italian students with low achievement (LA) in learning English as a foreign language (FL) was selected and compared to a group with high achievement (HA) in FL learning. The two groups were matched for age and nonverbal intelligence. Two experiments were conducted to examine the participants' verbal and…

Social competence of elementary students (n=141) with learning disabilities, low achievement, or average to high achievement was examined. Ratings of social skills, peer acceptance, behavior problems, and self-perceptions were gathered from students, teachers, parents, and peers. Learning disability and low achievement groups were…