Resistant behaviors in multicultural courses are a common dilemma within counselor education. On the basis of psychological reactance theory (J. W. Brehm, 1966), the authors created a multicultural training reactance scale to measure the construct. Exploratory factor analysis and initial reliability and validity data are presented, followed by…

The authors translated the California Brief Multicultural Competence Scale (CBMCS; Gamst et al., 2004), a measure of multicultural competence, into Korean for cross-cultural validation. An exploratory factor analysis followed by a confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of Korean counselors (N = 365) supported a 3-factor model: Multicultural…

The Multicultural Counseling and Psychotherapy Test (MCPT), a measure of multicultural counseling competence (MCC), was validated in 2 phases. In Phase 1, the authors administered 451 test items derived from multicultural guidelines in counseling and psychology to 32 multicultural experts and 30 nonexperts. In Phase 2, the authors administered the…

Research indicates that race-based discrimination is detrimental to the mental and physical health of African Americans. The authors sought preliminary evidence of internal consistency and factorial validity of an African American Historical Trauma questionnaire administered to 400 participants. Reliability and exploratory factor analyses resulted…

The psychometrics of the Chinese Solution-Focused Inventory (CSFI) was studied in Chinese college students. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 3-factor structure. All subscales showed good reliability and convergent and incremental validity. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the 3 subscales accounted for additional…

This article critically reviews empirical correlates of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989), based on several validation studies conducted with different racial, ethnic, and cultural groups. A major critique of the reviewed MMPI-2 studies was focused on the use of…

The authors investigated the psychometric appropriateness of the Valuing/ Commitment to Education scale (A. M. Gloria, 1993), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (M. Rosenberg, 1965), and the Educational Self-Efficacy Scale (A. M. Gloria, 1993) for use with European American, Latina/o, and Native American college freshmen. Strong to moderate…

Reliability and validity of the Orthogonal Cultural Identification Scale (OCIS) were evaluated in a sample of Asian American university students. Ethnic identification, measured using the OCIS, and acculturation, measured using the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale are hypothesized to measure related but separate constructs.…

This article reports the results of two studies designed to test and revise the Multicultural Counseling Awareness Scale. Collective results support the 2-factor extraction (Knowledge and Awareness) as the best fit model and provide initial indices of validity and internal consistency reliability for the newly titled Multicultural Counseling…

This article summarizes normative data and psychometric evidence for scores on the Quick Discrimination Index. Specific guidelines for counseling researchers and practitioners are provided. (Contains 31 references and 5 tables.) (Author)

This study investigated how predictive the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS; B. J. Vandiver, W. E. Cross, F. C. Worrell, & P. Fhagen-Smith, 2002), a measure of Black racial identity, was of African American cultural practices, beliefs, and attitudes (i.e., enculturation) as measured by the African American Acculturation Scale-33 (H. Landrine & E.…

Investigated the concurrent validity of Holland's theory for college-educated Black working men using two different definitions of vocational orientation. In general, the findings indicate that, consistent with Holland's theory, the Vocational Preference Inventory scales and the Self Directed Search scales tend to effectively discriminate among…

J. E. Helms's (1995b) White racial identity theory is said to resemble a pseudoscience in certain respects because its empirical support is based on the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale (J. E. Helms & R. T. Carter, 1990) in spite of consistent evidence that the instrument does not measure the constructs that the theory proposes.

This article describes a study that examined the reliability and validity of scores on the Big Five Inventory (BFI; O. P. John, E. M. Donahue, & R. L. Kentle, 1991) in a sample of 336 African American college students. Results from the study indicated moderate reliability and structural validity for BFI scores. Additionally, BFI subscales had few…