Describes the use of containers (formal structures, organizers, or frameworks into which a presenter can drop content) to save time when planning a presentation. To use containers, presenters must know the type of presentation outcome and allocated time, have information about the audience, and have information about various presentation…

Suggestions for conducting presentations in foreign countries include speak slowly and clearly, dress formally, accept the lecture format, provide research-based data, take handouts, avoid slang, use humor cautiously, consider semantics, plan ahead, network, and recognize that participants have different grade levels, extracurricular activities,…

Discusses how presenters must act as guides to their audiences. As an example, the paper describes a trip through the Serengeti in which the guide was powerful and effective in teaching his audience. Notes goals that all presenters must strive for (activities, engagement, content, dispositions, capacities, and ideals). (SM)

Listening is an important part of presenting. An optimum learning environment is one in which individuals participate fully without pretense in the presentation experience. The article explores why listening is so important, offers tips for the best ways to listen to audience members, and examines how not to listen. (SM)