Presents study designed to explore whether warning people about the possibility of future misinformation would increase their resistance to that misinformation. Results show exposure to a warning just prior to presentation of misinformation resulted in slightly greater resistance to its suggestive effects, but warnings after misinformation had…

Discusses research showing that material people learn when in a high arousal state and material they learn when in a normal arousal state is subsequently best recalled when they are in a similar arousal state. Speculates that this effect may partially underlie mood cuing, mood-related material from memory. (EKN)

Presents two experiments designed to evaluate how subjects represent and process logical quantifiers in sentences considering verbal string, abstract propositional and abstract analog as models for quantifier memory. Results show that quantifier memory depends on propositional and verbal string information but not analog. (Author/BK)

Reports three experiments demonstrating that recall for words increases with deeper levels of processing and with longer rehearsal intervals. Asserts that there is no interaction between those strategies. (PMJ)

Considers the use of picture-word and bilingualism research together to look for parallels at both the theoretical and empirical levels. Describes some of the criteria that have been used in both fields to infer common or separate codes and points out how conclusions based on the various criteria proposed can differ. (EKN)

Reports on experiments that address the question of whether pictures and the words that name them access a common conceptual representation. Results suggest that the major component in a lexical or objective decision is a form-specific memory representation of the work or visual object. (EKN)

Presents experiments which compare two theories of memory for routine events, one emphasizing temporal sequence of events, the other focusing on events' hierarchical structure or centrality. Findings suggest that sequence and centrality information may be computed as needed, rather than precompiled. (Author/BK)

Differences in visual encoding speed for reading is related to differences in ability to access memory codes for other meaningful patterns. This difference is shown in the advantage of better readers in reaction time in deciding if two line drawings belonged to the same category. Better readers have faster access for any meaningful pattern. (PJM)

After reading stories written in either chronological or flashback sequence, subjects made a decision about the underlying order of occurrence of two events. Results indicate that subjects based their responses on a memory representation, which preserved the input sequence of events. (Author/EJS)

Discusses the cognitive processes involved in constructing linear orderings from pairwise relationships of information items. Examines the effects that sentence types used in presenting information have on these processes, and tests two models designed to clarify the acquisition of spatial knowledge and the processing of locative and comparative…

The effect of presupposition on memory depends upon a restricted class of pragmatic conditions. If certain intended misleaders are introduced, presupposition does not enter into memory. This was shown with two experiments in which subjects "remembered" an accident differently, depending upon whether misleading facts were introduced.…

Two experiments tested a set of predictions regarding category definitions and categorization latencies. Neither prediction was supported by the experiment results, leading to the formulation of an alternative feature-based model of category definitions using the notion of a polymorphous concept. (Author/AM)

Determines the relation between recallability and recognizability in experiments presenting a study list, then giving a recall test for some items followed by a recognition test for all items. The results suggested that the set of recallable items were substantially, if not wholly, included within the set of recognizable items. (Author/EJS)

Presents argument that many factors affecting retention can be understood in context of a distinction between relational and individual item processing. Describes experiments which demonstrate that variables influencing the type of processing produce differential effects upon certain dependent measures. (Author/BK)

Discusses the nature of individual differences in working memory and presents the span test that was used to assess working memory capability. Next it discusses how working memory capacity might influence two specific components of reading comprehension, retrieving facts and computing pronominal references. (NCR)