Observers tend to attribute causality for an actor's behavior to dispositional characteristics of the actor rather than to external factors. Determined whether dynamic qualities of the actor can account for observers' attentional and attributional behavior. Revealed that greater causality was attributed to the dynamic actor. (Author)

Presented 30 photographs of people posing in different emotions to 15 college students, who predicted how often they would see or perform each expression. Results showed happiness was rated the best, strongest, and most probable expression. Neutral expressions were found to vary in similar ways with other affective expressions. (JAC)

Tests the existence of a "U"-relationship between stimulus complexity and time estimation and suggests this relationship can be better explained by considering the personality variables of extroversion and introversion and their interaction with stimulus complexity. Results confirmed the existence of a quadratic relationship between…

Tests of the mediational function of self-disclosure indicated a positive relationship between the target's level of self-disclosure and the "meaningfulness" rating based on each subject's psychological characteristics. (Author)

Assessed effects of an individual's temporal pattern of success on attributions of responsibility for winning or losing simulated free throw contests. The player on a winning team who scored at the end was judged responsible for the outcome. (Author/BEF)

Color value of clothing and facial expression were varied in photographs of six female job applicants. Male and female business persons (N=208) judged the photographs. Facial expression significantly affected evaluations of Character-Sociability characteristics. Clothing color value influenced perceptions of Potency, only for male interviewers.…

Investigated the application of the empathic set effect to perceptions of domestic violence in college students (N=116). Results indicated that observers can be induced to make attributions about another's behavior that consider environmental factors as contributing to behavior and not attribute such behavior solely to internal or dispositional…

Couples experiencing marital discord also experienced less congruity in their perceptions. Even when subjects were matched randomly into husband-wife pairs, the marital discord subjects were less homogeneous in their perceptions. The groups also differed in their defensive styles, with a sensitizing style more associated with marital discord.…

A study of the extent to which people are likely to attribute traits to other people rather more than to themselves produced support for the Jones and Nisbett hypothesis. The level of trait attribution in the present study was higher than that obtained in previous studies. (Author)

Examines the supposition that insufficient privacy is stressful to the individual. Data were obtained from urban centers in New Zealand. Findings support the hypothesis that a percieved lack of privacy is associated with psychosomatic stress. The relationship is specified by measures of stress and sex of respondents. (Author)

Evaluated college students' (N=60) perceptions of victims of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) based on how the victim contracted the disease. Found in nondeterioration condition victims contracting AIDS via sexual encounters or illicit drug injection were perceived as less trustworthy, less moral, and less desirable as a prospective…

Wingrove Cottage Community Clinic developed a test using two standard personality questionnaires. Results of these studies, comparing the four profiles obtained, provide strong evidence for existence of an internalised, socially constructed and cognitively-prejudicing 'ideal' personality profile which significantly influences both the…

Results suggest that thinking about the future and about the impact of the past and present on the future seems to be more common to college students than to people not in college. (Author)

Assessed the effects of two types of communicative cues on perceptions of dominance. Subjects viewed stimulus tapes of controlled conversations and rated each speaker. Results indicated that vocal participation contributed to perceptions of dominance more than open-ended or closed-ended questions. (Author/RC)

Results show that the drawings attributed to the Aboriginal "artist" produced more positive impressions and were rated more highly on the semantic differential. This research was presented at the Rocky Mountain Psychological Convention, Denver, Colorado, April, 1978. (Author)