NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
Showing all 13 results Save | Export
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Leila Etemadi; Dan-Anders Jirenhed; Anders Rasmussen – npj Science of Learning, 2023
Eyeblink conditioning is used in many species to study motor learning and make inferences about cerebellar function. However, the discrepancies in performance between humans and other species combined with evidence that volition and awareness can modulate learning suggest that eyeblink conditioning is not merely a passive form of learning that…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Intervals
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Trick, Leanne; Hogarth, Lee; Duka, Theodora – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Attentional capture and behavioral control by conditioned stimuli have been dissociated in animals. The current study assessed this dissociation in humans. Participants were trained on a Pavlovian schedule in which 3 visual stimuli, A, B, and C, predicted the occurrence of an aversive noise with 90%, 50%, or 10% probability, respectively.…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Prediction, Visual Stimuli, Acoustics
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Walker, Jennifer M.; Ramsey, Ashley K.; Fowler, Stephanie W.; Schachtman, Todd R. – Psychological Record, 2012
Previous research has found that swim stress during a classical conditioning trial attenuates conditioned taste aversion (CTA). In the current study, rats were used to examine the effects of inescapable swim stress on the habituation of neophobia to a flavored solution and reacquisition of an extinguished conditioned taste aversion. In Experiment…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Animals, Animal Behavior, Behavioral Science Research
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Theberge, Florence R. M.; Milton, Amy L.; Belin, David; Lee, Jonathan L. C.; Everitt, Barry J. – Learning & Memory, 2010
A distributed limbic-corticostriatal circuitry is implicated in cue-induced drug craving and relapse. Exposure to drug-paired cues not only precipitates relapse, but also triggers the reactivation and reconsolidation of the cue-drug memory. However, the limbic cortical-striatal circuitry underlying drug memory reconsolidation is unclear. The aim…
Descriptors: Cues, Cocaine, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Classical Conditioning
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Bradfield, Laura A.; McNally, Gavan P. – Learning & Memory, 2010
We studied the role of nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) in Pavlovian fear conditioning. Rats were trained to fear conditioned stimulus A (CSA) in Stage I, which was then presented in compound with a neutral stimulus and paired with shock in Stage II. AcbSh lesions had no effect on fear-learning to CSA in Stage I, but selectively prevented learning…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Classical Conditioning, Fear, Child Development
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Anderman, Eric M. – Educational Psychologist, 2010
In this article, I examine developments in research on achievement motivation and comment on how those developments are reflected in Wittrock's generative model of learning. Specifically, I focus on the roles of prior knowledge, the generation of knowledge, and beliefs about ability. Examples from Wittrock's theory and from current motivational…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Student Motivation, Achievement Need, Educational Psychology
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Calandreau, Ludovic; Jaffard, Robert; Desmedt, Aline – Learning & Memory, 2007
Extensive evidence indicates that the septum plays a predominant role in fear learning, yet the direction of this control is still a matter of debate. Increasing data suggest that the medial (MS) and lateral septum (LS) would be differentially required in fear conditioning depending on whether a discrete conditional stimulus (CS) predicts, or not,…
Descriptors: Cues, Fear, Classical Conditioning, Context Effect
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Beckers, Tom; Miller, Ralph R.; De Houwer, Jan; Urushihara, Kouji – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2006
Forward blocking is one of the best-documented phenomena in Pavlovian animal conditioning. According to contemporary associative learning theories, forward blocking arises directly from the hardwired basic learning rules that govern the acquisition or expression of associations. Contrary to this view, here the authors demonstrate that blocking in…
Descriptors: Animals, Inferences, Cognitive Processes, Classical Conditioning
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Cheng, Jingjun; Feenstra, Matthijs G. P. – Learning & Memory, 2006
Combined activation of dopamine D1- and NMDA-glutamate receptors in the nucleus accumbens has been strongly implicated in instrumental learning, the process in which an individual learns that a specific action has a wanted outcome. To assess dopaminergic activity, we presented rats with two sessions (30 trials each) of a one-lever appetitive…
Descriptors: Rewards, Biochemistry, Nonverbal Learning, Animals
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Bouton, Mark E. – Learning & Memory, 2004
This article provides a selective review and integration of the behavioral literature on Pavlovian extinction. The first part reviews evidence that extinction does not destroy the original learning, but instead generates new learning that is especially context-dependent. The second part examines insights provided by research on several related…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Expectation, Inhibition, Generalization
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kehoe, E. James – Psychological Review, 1988
A detailed description of a layered network model is provided, with computer simulations of key associative learning phenomena and predictions generated from the model. The model is compared to more conventional theories of learning to learn and configural learning. (SLD)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Classical Conditioning, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Neimeyer, Greg J.; Neimeyer, Robert A. – Journal of Research in Personality, 1981
Students participated in dyadic disclosure exercises over a five-week period. Results indicated members of high functional similarity dyads evidenced greater attraction to one another than did members of low functional similarity dyads. "Friendship" pairs of male undergraduates displayed greater functional similarity than did…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Attitudes, Classical Conditioning, Cognitive Processes
Kandel, Eric R.; Hawkins, Robert D. – Scientific American, 1992
Describes the biological basis of learning and individuality. Presents an overview of recent discoveries that suggest learning engages a simple set of rules that modify the strength of connection between neurons in the brain. The changes are cited as playing an important role in making each individual unique. (MCO)
Descriptors: Biology, Classical Conditioning, Cognitive Processes, Definitions