This meta-analytic review examines the relationships between students' sense of school belonging and students' motivational, social-emotional, behavioural, and academic functioning in secondary education. Moreover, it examines to what extent these relationships differ between different student groups (grade level, SES), measurement instruments,…

The article reviews studies that focus on classroom management. The aim of classroom management is twofold. The first is to establish a quiet and calm environment in the classroom so that the pupils can take part in meaningful learning in a subject. The second aim is that classroom management contributes to the pupils' social and moral…

Looks at the contributions of other disciplines to the field of music learning. Describes the highlights of the Eastman Symposium for Musical Development and Cognition, and makes suggestions for interdisciplinary series of lectures and symposiums. (GG)

Tests and rejects the hypothesis that sensory motor curiosity declines from childhood to adolescence, by conducting a follow-up study of a group of pupils (N=32) whose curiosity behavior was filmed in 1970 when the age range was 6-12 years. Behavior is compared to that of a group in 1976. (CS)

Describes the use of four-person task assessments which were designed as a means of examining children's social interaction outside the classroom setting. Provides information concerning tasks and information obtained. Concludes that these tasks can be repeated over a period of years in order to evaluate the growth and maturity of subjects. (KO)

Discusses educational research related to time students spend listening and implications research findings should have on teachers' methods and roles. Development of teacher training programs to improve listening behaviors, how listening should be developed across the curriculum, and how teachers serve as listening role models are suggested. (MBR)

Studies the effectiveness of a token economy on specific inappropriate social behaviors of three first grade students. Suggests that token economy systems can be very effective in decreasing disruptive behaviors of primary aged students. (MG)

The futility of the debate between heredity and environment as determinants of intelligence is argued, with convictions inspired by C. Burt's work (apart from the question of fraud in his work). It is contended that the influence of this misconceived ideological disagreement is apparent in today's educational systems. (SLD)