In China, the employment problem of higher education, social governance, and economic development is important. Exploring the employment mechanism and distribution of general colleges and universities can provide empirical evidence to the employment generating ability of colleges and universities and also suggestions for the development of…

In order to profit from the economic growth in their society farmers can (1) increase the yields of their crops and animals, (2) switch to the production of high value products for which there is an increasing demand in the market, (3) increase the labour productivity on their farm, (4) find non-farm sources of income for some or all of their…

In an uncertain economy, reliable information about tomorrow's labor market can be a valuable tool in career planning. Understanding the future workforce helps an individual prepare for his/her place in it. When choosing among careers--or assisting others who are making such choices--it helps to know a few basics: the types and number of jobs…

In this article we use comparative micro data for 15 European countries covering the period 1992-2007 to study the impact of labor market reforms on the skill-related individual risk of holding a temporary contract and the risk of being unemployed. Our results indicate no general increase in either of these skill gaps. Using two-step multilevel…

In early nineteenth-century England, workers now known as Luddites roamed the countryside destroying machinery that they saw as creating unemployment and upsetting their traditional way of life. They believed that the growing mechanization of production, what people would now call technological change, and the expanding volume of trade ushered in…

The authors discuss the moderate employment gains made in the United States during 1986. Topics covered include (1) civilian employment, (2) industry developments, (3) unemployment, and (4) cyclical comparisons. (CH)

The authors discuss changes in the labor market during 1987, including a drop in the unemployment rate to 5.9 percent. Figures are broken down by industry and information is provided on hours of work and civilian employment. They also feature a comparison of employment figures from 1913 and 1987, with a breakdown of types of work. (CH)

Robots--powerful, versatile, and easily adapted to new operations--may usher in a new industrial age. Workers throughout the labor force could be affected, as well as the nature of the workplace, skill requirements of jobs, and concomitant shifts in vocational education. (SK)

Earnings inequality trends are sensitive to the earnings concept and sample of workers surveyed. Inequality increased for some groups of workers, but the combined effects of changes in demand, supply, and institutions did not generate higher wage inequality in the labor market as a whole. (JOW)

Discusses policies which, combined with sound macro-economic policies, can contribute to reducing structural and cyclical unemployment without compounding inflation. Topic areas considered include: structural employment policies; temporary measures to promote employment during recovery; restructuring of working time; and role of collective…

Review of statistical data confirms worldwide trends: growth in services, decline in agriculture, and, in manufacturing, decline in industrialized economies but growth in developing ones. Although services are characterized by low productivity growth, certain types (such as research and development) exert positive influence on economic growth. (SK)

Discusses productivity trends in manufacturing in 12 countries. Includes statistics on labor productivity, unit labor costs, output, employment and hours, and hourly compensation for 1982. (JOW)

A telephone survey of 1,498 workers analyzed job mobility rates through 3 models: reward-resource, limited opportunity, and vacancy competition. It was found that (1) education increases job mobility; (2) gender and race affect mobility channels rather than mobility rates; and (3) dualistic accounts of labor market structures tend to conflate…

Compares the socioeconomic characteristics of dislocated farm households in North Dakota with working farm households. Finds no significant difference between operating methods of displaced farmers and those currently in business. Suggests researchers shift their attention to macrolevel variables to characterize displaced farmers. (Author/TES)

Surveys of 900 manufacturers in Hungary and Bulgaria show that transition to a market economy is (1) marginalizing women, affected by segregation, layoff risk, and discrimination; (2) diminishing labor market role of older workers; and (3) increasing difficulties faced by youth seeking employment, whose skills do not match new employment needs.…