The leadership practices exhibited by physical education teachers have been found to have a significant impact on promoting students' learning. The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between physical education teachers' transformational leadership and middle school students' expectancy-value and intrinsic motivation. To…

Most first-year seminars exist to ensure that incoming students achieve what is commonly described as "academic success." While definitions of this term vary widely, it most often means socializing students into an academic culture so that they will remain at the institution, achieve a strong GPA, and graduate on time. Most first-year…

First-year seminars have become common at liberal arts and other colleges across the United States. An accumulating body of research appears to demonstrate that this curricular element is associated with increased retention of students and is positively correlated with graduation rates, student adjustment and involvement, student satisfaction,…

The African is confronted with a number of challenges to intellectual development: colonial nonrecognition of other cultures; establishment of a non-Western self in the context of Western ideas and schooling; Eurocentrism; explosion of knowledge; and personal commitment in the face of societal expectations. Accomplishments of several African…

Results compiled from several studies indicate that college students place significant personal emphasis on matters related to spirituality. Compiling students' responses from the author's 2003 pilot study, subsequent focus group interviews, and the 2004 national survey, along with faculty's responses from the 2004-2005 Higher Education Research…

Mothers were asked to predict their children's responses to standardized intelligence test items. Negative correlation was expected between inaccurate maternal knowledge of children's ability and degree of children's psychological development. False maternal predictions correlated - .80 with correct children's responses. Nearly all of the…

A study with 101 college freshmen indicates that freshman experience promotes increasing intellectual complexity for both sexes, but more for males than females. Analysis of student expectations and perceptions of environments shows subtle differences that may account for differential growth, suggesting some approaches to creating equitable…