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Individual Differences in Working Memory Predict the Efficacy of Experimenter-Manipulated Gestures in First-Grade Children
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Eliza L. Congdon – Child Development, 2024
Why is instructional gesture ineffective in some contexts? And what is it about learners that predicts whether they will learn from gestures? This between-subjects linear measurement training study compares gesture instruction to two controls--operant action and transient action--in a diverse sample of first-grade students (N = 174, M[subscript…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Nonverbal Communication, Grade 1
On Tool Use, Perseveration and Task Dynamics
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Lockman, Jeffrey L. – Infancy, 2008
For many decades, tool use has been viewed primarily as a cognitive achievement, an ability that separates not only adults and older children from infants, but humans from virtually all other species. According to this standard account, tool use and associated means-ends behaviors are dependent on symbolic or representational thinking. Organisms…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Object Manipulation, Behavior, Individual Differences
Parent Interactions with Twins Who Are Developmentally Different: A Case Study
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Graham, Teresa K.; Scudder, Rosalind R. – Communication Disorders Quarterly, 2007
Language and social interactions were examined between a father and mother and their twin children, one with Down syndrome and one developing typically. Systematic observations were made of videotaped segments and coded in real time using a computerized behavior coding program. Codes for the parents' interactions consisted of total vocalizations,…
Descriptors: Twins, Down Syndrome, Speech Language Pathology, Object Manipulation
Assessment of Individual Differences in Infant Exploration and Play.
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Power, Thomas G.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Studies 12- to 24-month-olds in a series of videotaped tasks assessing single object manipulation, relational play, pretend play, distractibility and persistence. Develops eight relatively subtle measures of three aspects of individual differences in infant behavior: developmental level, attention span, and exploratory diversity. (Author/NH)
Descriptors: Exploratory Behavior, Individual Differences, Infants, Object Manipulation
Cognitive Correlates of Infant Attention and Maternal Stimulation over the First Year of Life.
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Ruddy, Margaret G.; Bornstein, Marc H. – Child Development, 1982
Investigates the predictability of cognitive differences at 12 months from infant and maternal behaviors at 4 months. Overall, the results show that some individual differences in cognition may be predictable across the first year of life. (Author/RH)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Individual Differences, Infant Behavior, Object Manipulation
Children's Responses to Objects Differing in Novelty in Relation to Level of Curiosity and Adult Behavior.
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Henderson, Bruce; Moore, Shirley G. – Child Development, 1980
Investigates the exploratory behavior of young children as it relates to individual differences in curiosity, the novelty of the objects explored, and the interactive style employed by an adult experimenter. (Author/MP)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Curiosity, Discovery Learning
A Nonverbal Ability Test.
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Youngblood, Michael S. – Studies in Art Education, 1979
This study sought to determine whether there exist performance distinctions between artists and nonartists on specific two- and three-dimensional nonverbal problems. The factorial structure of scores on ten nonverbal ability tests was analyzed to identify mental process differences between the two groups. (Author/SJL)
Descriptors: Artists, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Factor Analysis