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Stephan, Blossom Christa Maree; Caine, Diana – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Visual scanpath recording was used to investigate the information processing strategies used by a prosopagnosic patient, SC, when viewing faces. Compared to controls, SC showed an aberrant pattern of scanning, directing attention away from the internal configuration of facial features (eyes, nose) towards peripheral regions (hair, forehead) of the…
Descriptors: Information Processing, Patients, Human Body, Pattern Recognition
Barth, Hilary C. – Cognition, 2008
Evidence from human cognitive neuroscience, animal neurophysiology, and behavioral research demonstrates that human adults, infants, and children share a common nonverbal quantity processing system with nonhuman animals. This system appears to represent both discrete and continuous quantity, but the proper characterization of the relationship…
Descriptors: Number Concepts, Reaction Time, Information Processing, Pattern Recognition
Kravitz, Dwight Jacob; Behrmann, Marlene – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Although object-based attention enhances perceptual processing of information appearing within the boundaries of a selected object, little is known about the consequences for information in the object's surround. The authors show that distance from an attended object's center of mass determines reaction time (RT) to targets in the surround. Of 2…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Dimensional Preference, Information Processing, Proximity

Science, 1980
Presented is experimental evidence that humans develop strong preferences for objects that become familiar through repeated exposure, even when the exposures are so degraded that they cannot be discriminated as stimuli previously seen. Implications are made regarding other studies where affective discriminations are made with very little stimulus…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Processes, Information Processing, Pattern Recognition

Attig, Mary; Hasher, Lynn – Journal of Gerontology, 1980
Adults listened to a list containing 30 words that were repeated from zero to seven times each. Subjects were tested for sensitivity to differences in frequency of occurrence. All were equally sensitive to frequency information. Prior knowledge about the nature of the test did not affect performance. (Author)
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Ability, Information Processing, Memory

Simon, Herbert A. – Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1981
Reviews recent progress in modeling human cognition, in particular the use of computers in generating models. Topics covered include the information processing approach to cognition, problem solving, semantic memory, pattern induction, and learning and cognitive development. A 164-item reference list is attached. (JL)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Computers, Concept Formation

Todaro, Julie Beth – Community & Junior College Libraries, 2003
Gives a definition for "trends" and describes ways to use and find trends. Discusses different types of trends including trends for academic libraries, trends for other types of libraries/general librarianship, trends for umbrella entities, and general societal trends. Concludes by giving recommendation for finding trends from various sources. (MZ)
Descriptors: Community Colleges, Information Processing, Pattern Recognition, Population Trends
Gagel, Charles W. – Journal of Adult Education, 2005
Designing effective instruction is the goal of any instructional designer. This article discusses how lesson design can be enhanced by incorporating certain fundamentals of cognitive psychology. The stages of human information processing and a typical four-step lesson are integrated in a model that can inform instructional design. (Contains 1…
Descriptors: Instructional Design, Instructional Effectiveness, Cognitive Psychology, Information Processing
Meyler, Ann; Breznitz, Zvia – Dyslexia, 2005
This study examined visual, auditory, and cross-modal temporal pattern processing at the nonlinguistic and sublexical linguistic levels, and the relationships between these abilities and decoding skill. The central question addressed whether dyslexic readers are impaired in their perception of timing, as assessed by sensitivity to rhythm.…
Descriptors: Linguistics, Dyslexia, Information Processing, Pattern Recognition
Alkon, Daniel L. – Scientific American, 1989
Investigates memory storage and molecular nature of associative-memory formation by analyzing Pavlovian conditioning in marine snails and rabbits. Presented is the design of a computer-based memory system (neural networks) using the rules acquired in the investigation. Reports that the artificial network recognized patterns well. (YP)
Descriptors: Biological Sciences, Cognitive Processes, Computer System Design, Conditioning

Papa, Frank; And Others – Academic Medicine, 1990
In this study an artificial intelligence assessment tool used disease-by-feature frequency estimates to create disease prototypes for nine common causes of acute chest pain. The tool then used each subject's prototypes and a pattern-recognition-based decision-making mechanism to diagnose 18 myocardial infarction cases. (MLW)
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Clinical Diagnosis, Construct Validity, Decision Making

Bausmith, Jennifer Merriman; Leinhardt, Gaea – Journal of Geography, 1998
Examines the map-making process of middle-school students to determine which actions influence their accuracy, how prior knowledge helps their map construction, and what lessons can be learned from map making. Indicates that instruction that focuses on recognition of interconnections between map elements can promote map reasoning skills. (DSK)
Descriptors: Cartography, Cognitive Development, Geography Instruction, Information Processing

Osguthorpe, Russell T.; Li Chang, Linda – Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC), 1988
A computerized symbol processor system using an Apple IIe computer and a Power Pad graphics tablet was tested with 22 nonspeaking, multiply disabled students. The students were taught to express themselves independently in writing, and they did significantly better than control students on measures of language comprehension and symbol recognition.…
Descriptors: Communication Aids (for Disabled), Communication Disorders, Communication Skills, Computer Graphics