We consider Bayesian estimation of a hierarchical linear model (HLM) from partially observed data, assumed to be missing at random, and small sample sizes. A vector of continuous covariates C includes cluster-level partially observed covariates with interaction effects. Due to small sample sizes from 37 patient-physician encounters repeatedly…

In this article, we present a two-stage estimation approach applied to multilevel latent class analysis (LCA) with covariates. We separate the estimation of the measurement and structural model. This makes the extension of the structural model computationally efficient. We investigate the robustness against misspecifications of the proposed…

Comprehensive evaluation of treatment effects is aided by considerations for moderated effects. In educational research, the combination of natural hierarchical structures and prevalence of group-administered or shared facilitator treatments often produces three-level partially nested data structures. Literature details planning strategies for a…

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are commonly used to evaluate educational interventions, particularly their effectiveness. Recently there has been greater emphasis on using these trials to explore cost-effectiveness. However, methods for establishing the power of cluster randomized cost-effectiveness trials (CRCETs) are limited. This study…