Knowing functions and functional thinking have recently moved from just knowledge for older students to incorporating younger students, and functional thinking has been identified as one of the core competencies for algebra. Although it is significant for mathematical understanding, there is no unified view of functional thinking and how different…

Researchers have increasingly utilized artificial intelligence to automatically analyze classroom dialogue, aiming to provide timely feedback to teachers due to its educational significance. However, traditional machine learning and deep learning models face challenges, such as limited performance and lack of generalizability, across various…

Creating assessment questions aligned to standards is a time-consuming task for teachers, but large language models such as ChatGPT can help. Bryan Drost & Char Shryock describe a three-step process for using ChatGPT to create assessments: 1) Ask ChatGPT to break standards into measurable targets. 2) Determine how much time to spend on each…

Texts generated by artificial intelligence agents have been suggested as tools supporting students' learning. The present research analyses the language of texts generated by ChatGPT when solving mathematical problems related to the quadratic equation. We use the functional grammar theoretical framework that includes three meta-functions: the…

This paper introduces AMMORE, a new dataset of 53,000 math open-response question-answer pairs from Rori, a mathematics learning platform used by middle and high school students in several African countries. Using this dataset, we conducted two experiments to evaluate the use of large language models (LLM) for grading particularly challenging…

This study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4, in analysing classroom dialogue--a key task for teaching diagnosis and quality improvement. Traditional qualitative methods are both knowledge- and labour-intensive. This research investigates the potential of LLMs to streamline and enhance this process. Using…

This study focuses on how teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of mathematics may differ depending on teacher interactions in an online teacher community of practice (CoP). The study utilizes data from 26,857 posts collected from the South Korean self-generated online teacher CoP, 'Indischool'. This data was then analyzed using natural…

The learning of mathematics poses specific linguistic challenges. Amongst them, teachers and students need to be able to unpack the language used in mathematics word problems to understand its context, discern the relationships between the known and unknown information, and identify relevant solution strategies. Prior research has described some…

Classroom dialogue is widely used in mathematics teaching and learning, and if managed strategically, it will have productive benefits for mathematics achievement. However, dialogic participants often lack awareness of how dialogue could be constructed, and few studies show the characteristics of dialogic patterns in different stages of education.…

The metaphors that students form and encounter have been shown to exert a powerful influence on how they think about mathematics. In this paper, we explore the linguistic metaphors about learning and doing mathematics that were prevalent in 11 advanced mathematics lectures. We present four metaphor clusters that were common in the corpus that we…

Academic vocabulary networks were examined in 3 elementary grades textbook programs (first through fifth grade) in 3 domains--science, mathematics, and social studies. Within each program, a given network consisted of a focal domain-specific academic word and the collection of words from all grades that overlapped in meaning with the focal word.…

New Artificial Intelligence methods hold the potential to transform qualitative research in mathematics education. This study introduces and uses the machine learning technology of simple neural networks to automatically analyse transcript data. This serves as the basis to reflect on the use of machine learning technology in order to uncover some…

The study examines language dimensions of mathematical word problems and the classification of mathematical word problems according to these dimensions with unsupervised machine learning (ML) techniques. Previous research suggests that the language dimensions are important for mathematical word problems because it has an influence on the…

Despite the proliferation of video-based instruction and its benefits--such as promoting student autonomy and self-paced learning--the complexities of online teaching remain a challenge. To be effective, educators require extensive training in digital teaching methodologies. As such, there's a pressing need to examine and comprehend the…

This paper makes an important and original contribution to the updating of methodological approaches to research syntheses. We analysed all 813 Proceedings of the British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics from 2003 to 2018, first using a quantitative corpus-survey and qualitative thematic coding and, again, independently, using topic…