Although an open classroom climate for discussion has been demonstrated to benefit students' civic outcomes, individual differences in its effectiveness have not been fully investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that the positive effects of an open classroom climate for discussion would be moderated by positive teacher-student relationships.…

Inclusion is one of the most important and emerging areas for school improvement. The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of high school students with the aim of determining whether there is a shared and inclusive education within their schools. An explanatory model was developed, based on the responses of 365 students from the…

The purpose of this preliminary study was to examine the extent to which the relation between teacher reported (N = 26) teaching efficacy and observations of classroom quality varied as a function of a specific classroom characteristic, classroom adversity, a measure of classroom level hardship that includes factors such as student challenges with…

Does attendance matter? This question has still not been answered conclusively. In general, studies find positive but mostly weak correlations between attendance and performance. However, due to technological changes in learning, attendance in higher education seems to lose its importance since students do not have to attend class to get access to…

This study aims to examine in-depth such factors as stress and classroom climate that determine the quality of preschool education. The research sample consisted of 300 teachers and 300 classes in 27 kindergartens identified using the purposive sampling method in Izmir, Turkey's third-largest city. The study was carried out using the exploratory…

Adolescents' civic engagement is related to other aspects of their positive development. Many family and school characteristics can promote adolescents' civic engagement, but they are often studied separately. Furthermore, studies have often used adolescent self-reports and measured only one aspect of the multidimensional construct of civic…

The last two decades have seen significant growth in e-Learning in many institutions, with the main growth engine being significant development of technologies providing access to information. These technologies have dramatically changed how societies and individuals communicate. The current study examined whether the paradigm of good teaching…

Defending a victimized peer is a socially risky behavior that may require high peer status and may depend on how popular or disliked bullies are in the classroom (i.e., within-classroom correlations between bullying and status). Past research has investigated defending as a unidimensional construct, though it can involve confronting the bully…

Racial disparities in school discipline may have collateral consequences on the larger non-suspended student population. The present study leveraged two longitudinal datasets with 1201 non-suspended adolescents (48% Black, 52% White; 55% females, 45% males; M[subscript age]: 12-13) enrolled in 84 classrooms in an urban mid-Atlantic city of the…

It is expected that teacher practices could improve students' emotional state by encouraging the endorsement of adaptive goals. However, the mediation effect of achievement goals in the relationship between classroom goal structures and emotions has never been demonstrated empirically. This study therefore investigated this important issue using a…

This study aims to examine the effects of physical variables (temperature, humidity, air quality, light, and sound) and those pertaining to the monitoring these physical variables on a group of students in terms of attention, motivation, attitudes, and perceptions of academic achievement (POA). The students were provided with a chance to monitor…

Students' perceptions of the classroom environment are critical determinants of their motivation and academic success. However, the psychological mechanisms through which these contextual factors influence academic outcomes remain insufficiently explored, particularly in different subject domains. Grounded in the Situated Expectancy-Value Theory,…

Arousing and sustaining young students' curiosity within school environments is an important concern in contemporary education. Our study investigated the triggers of curiosity in elementary classrooms centered around social constructivist discourse, specifically knowledge-building. To this end, we performed longitudinal network analysis on 4166…

The education system strives to help students from low-income families achieve academic success. Academic resilience is related to not only individuals but also classrooms and schools. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive resilience model in science domains that presents the image of resilient students and describes the mechanisms by…

This study aims to examine the writing performance of primary school fourth-grade students in relation to the student-level variables (writing, reading comprehension, self-regulation-based writing, writing motivation, and writing anxiety) and classroom-level (teacher) variables (knowledge of text-writing instruction and text-writing instruction…