The optimization of step length and step rate (frequency) is essential for sprinters. This article analyzes data that compare step rate and step length to height, as a function of running speed, for ten elite runners. How results of such analyses can be used in training runners is also discussed. (IAH)

The way in which skilled long jumpers regulate their gait during their run-up to the takeoff board was investigated. The run-up consists of (1) an initial accelerative phase, and (2) a zeroing-in phase. Their skill varied with the adjustment of the impulse of their steps toward the end of the run-up. (Author/BW)

Examined official records of VIII World Veterans Championships to identify running, jumping, and throwing events whose performance was most affected by age. Found that 400-meter run and long jump were most affected by advancing age among both male and female master athletes whereas, in areas of throws, event most affected was javelin for men and…

Sprinting is described by a simple physical model. The model is used to predict the differences between the recorded times for races on a straight track and on a curve. It is shown that the choice of the running lane makes a nonnegligible difference. (Author/SK)

The scoring system in cross-country running illustrates that the way in which results are reported and the opportunity to improve through hard work can provide crucial incentives. Establishing incentives that make students dissatisfied with their present effort without being overwhelmed or made fatalistic is a challenging task. (SLD)

A course at Northern Illinois University trains college students for running marathons. The course offers information about conditioning, injury prevention, and diet requirements, as well as instruction in long-distance running. Techniques for motivating students are discussed. (PP)

A research study compared the relationship of nutrition knowledge to eating practices and attitudes of female high school and college runners. Results showed that runners with greater nutrition knowledge made better food choices and ate more healthfully. This article looks at the runners' misconceptions and makes recommendations for nutrition…

College and university athletic programs currently under sanction by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for rule violations are listed, with the violations and penalties specified. (MSE)