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Belinda Daniels; Tammy Ratt; Andrea Custer; Andrea Sterzuk; Melanie Griffith Brice; Russell Fayant – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2025
This paper contributes to ongoing conversations on the contextual differences and considerations between learning an Indigenous language as a member of an Indigenous nation or community and learning an Indigenous language as a non-Indigenous person (Albury, 2015; Berardi-Wiltshire & Bortolotto, 2022; May 2023; O'Toole, 2020; Te Huia, 2020).…
Descriptors: American Indian Languages, American Indians, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Pauline Phi Nguyên Ðong – Phi Delta Kappan, 2023
There is a need for Vietnamese language education for the Vietnamese American community in the United States, and the Vietnamese Language Program at Westminster High School (WHS) in Orange County, California, has been able to preserve the Vietnamese language. Students in the program also learn about their heritage and culture to stay connected to…
Descriptors: Vietnamese, Language Maintenance, Vietnamese People, Asian Americans
Kiyomi Umezawa – Global Education Review, 2025
This paper presents a collaborative effort between a Head Start lead teacher and an educational scholar, focusing on a Head Start classroom in a non-traditional migration area in Pennsylvania. The joint initiative, called "Juntos," was undertaken to support children's bilingualism in a context where English is the dominant language. The…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Native Language, Spanish, Spanish Speaking
Bale, Jeff; Kawaguchi, Mayo – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2020
This paper examines the intersection of heritage-language education advocacy with anti-racist activism in the 1970s and 1980s in Toronto. The province of Ontario initiated the Heritage Languages Program in 1977. By focusing on discontinuities in the policy's implementation, the paper identifies multiple strategies that Black anti-racist activists…
Descriptors: Heritage Education, Educational Policy, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Smala, Simone – Language Learning Journal, 2014
This study presents an insight into content and language integrated learning (CLIL) practices in the Australian state of Queensland. The article comprises four main sections. The first section outlines the context of CLIL in Australia and Queensland; there follows a brief review of the literature on stakeholders in CLIL programmes, such as…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Teaching Methods
Mady, Callie; Black, Glenda – Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 2012
Language policies in any country exist within socio-historical contexts--embedded in history and influenced by socio-political factors. In Canada, such factors were the impetus to the formation of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism, which was grounded in an English/French partnership and recommended that Canada become an…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Content Analysis, French, Language Maintenance
Shneyderman, Aleksandr; Abella, Rodolfo – Bilingual Research Journal, 2009
This study was conducted to explore the effects of a two-way immersion bilingual program on maintenance/acquisition of Spanish-language proficiency and on reading and mathematics achievement in English over a period of 4 academic years. The researchers used Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) techniques to compare the effects of two different…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Second Language Programs, Models, Language Arts

Grillo, R. D. – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1982
Examines various perspectives on the issue of French language training for adult immigrants held by French informants, many of whom are engaged in such training. (EKN)
Descriptors: Adults, Foreign Countries, Foreign Workers, French

Ancelet, Barry Jean – French Review, 1988
The history of public policy concerning Cajun French instruction in Louisiana is reviewed, and the prospects for regeneration of the language in the state's schools are examined. (MSE)
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Educational History, Educational Policy, Language Maintenance
Banville, Beurmond J. – Echoes, the Northern Maine Journal of Rural Culture, 1995
A change in philosophy concerning the maintenance of native languages has led to local efforts to revive the French language in the St. John Valley (Maine), including the formation of a community organization and implementation of language programs in which children in all grades receive daily instruction in French. (LP)
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Community Action, Community Organizations

Woods, Paul – ELT Journal, 1988
Project planners and coordinators should consider twelve tips to ensure that English language training projects in developing countries will continue after external funding and high-cost aid personnel are removed. Involving local participants at all stages of the project, assuring future maintenance, and providing adequate incentives are some…
Descriptors: Developing Nations, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Indigenous Personnel

Freeman, Kate; And Others – Bilingual Research Journal, 1995
Examines the recent evolution of three indigenous languages in Eastern Canada (Ojibway, Mohawk, and Inuktitut), focusing on efforts to revive and maintain indigenous languages. Discusses linguistic and cultural identity, ownership, and change in indigenous communities. (39 references) (MDM)
Descriptors: American Indian Languages, Cultural Influences, Educational Attitudes, Elementary Secondary Education

Birch, Gary – Babel: Journal of the Australian Federation of Modern Language Teachers Associations, 1983
Advocates national policy of multiculturalism and multilingualism, acquired through cohesive use of a common language (English) spoken by all Australians, yet retaining and incorporating the more than 20 major languages presently in use. Suggests provisions for efficient teaching of English and encouragement of all other community languages,…
Descriptors: Arabic, Bilingualism, Chinese, Czech