Adolescent boys and girls, identified as either behaviorally disordered (N=166) or normal (N=183), were rated by teachers on the Behavior Problem Checklist (BPC), with such results as significant differences for pupil category, BPC dimension, and category by dimension interaction, but no significant differences for sex. (MC)

Children of four, six, and eight years of age were tested for knowledge of sex-trait stereotypes. Findings suggest that at first, traits are classified as stereotypical of a gender category; but with increasing cognitive level, these traits become less stereotypical of gender. (Author/CJM)

Developed a taxonomy of teen-identified problematic heterosocial situations through 10 same-sex focus groups involving 58 adolescents. Results suggest the importance of romantic relationships in the lives of participating adolescents and show the range of situations identified in addition to dating. (SLD)

Study of suicide notes involved deduction of 50 protocol sentences that reflected aspects of Shneidman's formulations with regard to suicide. Independent judges noted incidence of contents corresponding to protocol sentences in notes left by 60 adult suicides. Age, but not sex, was found to be critical discriminating variable on several specific…

The category breadth indexes of 128 children at each age (4 and 11) were related to personality data available at ages 3, 4, 7, 11, and 14 in form of independent California Child Q-Sort (CCQ) description. Results suggested that breadth of categorization at age four correlated negatively with intelligence, while at age 11 it correlated positively…

Examined sibling relationship in old age. Data from interviews with 30 older men and 30 older women with at least one living sibling revealed five types of relationships. Each type reflected discrete pattern of instrumental support, emotional support, and contact; and different degrees of closeness, envy, resentment, approval, and involvement with…

Analyzed attachment relationships of 22 maltreated and 21 nonmaltreated infants of 12 months. Findings indicated a preponderance of disorganized/disoriented (Type D) attachments in the maltreatment group, with boys more likely than girls to be Type D. (RJC)

Reviews research on apologies, considering research goals and results in assessing the "maturity" of apology research. Argues that such research needs to progress beyond a descriptive goal to an explanatory goal in terms of the underlying cultural assumptions that inform the perception of contextual factors that in turn inform apology…

The gap between male and female suicide rates in India is relatively small; however, society's views on motive are found to be quite different. Data from several sources are incorporated in this field study report. "Sati" is discussed; a gender typology of reasons for suicide is developed. (EMK)

Three studies examined the emergence of attention to gender categories in toddlers. Results suggested that 18-month-olds showed little attention to gender on a sequential touching task. The possibility that they could not discriminate the dolls used in the task by gender was ruled out. There was a sharp increase in attention to gender between 18…

The aims of the present review are to apply a recent risk factor approach (H. C. Kraemer et al., 1997) to putative risk factors for eating disorders, to order these along a timeline, and to deduce general taxonomic questions. Putative risk factors were classified according to risk factor type, outcome (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa,…

To determine whether infants can form face expression categories, groups of infants 18 to 24 weeks old, along with those 30 weeks old, were habituated by the infant control procedure to photographs of four different female faces, each with an identical expression (happiness or surprise). Results are discussed in terms of age and sex differences.…

The results of three experiments showed that: (1) children from 20 to 32 months of age are able to identify basic-level, conceptual, and complementary relationships; (2) objects are responded to more effectively than pictures; and (3) both perceptual and verbal-symbolic processes are important in matching and identifying stimuli. (JMB)

The classifications of and clustering in recall of 49 44- to 81-month old predominantly white children of gender-typed indoor and outdoor toys were studied. Results are discussed in terms of gender-differing play contexts. Boys and girls show distinctively different patterns in abilities to accurately classify toys. (SLD)

Twenty-two second grade students in Cambridge (Massachusetts) were asked to rate pictures of nature items and artifacts on a seven-point scale ranging from "maleness" to "femaleness." Responses overall showed a female-nature and male-artifact association. Discusses the role of such associations in the development of gender…