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Abedalaziz, Nabeel; Leng, Chin Hai – Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2013
Most of the tests and inventories used by counseling psychologists have been developed using CTT; IRT derives from what is called latent trait theory. A number of important differences exist between CTT- versus IRT-based approaches to both test development and evaluation, as well as the process of scoring the response profiles of individual…
Descriptors: Test Theory, Item Response Theory, Difficulty Level, Models
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Callinan, Sarah; Cunningham, Everarda; Theiler, Stephen – Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 2014
Many tests used in educational settings to identify learning difficulties endeavour to pick up only the lowest performers. Yet these tests are generally developed within a Classical Test Theory (CTT) paradigm that assumes that data do not have significant skew. Rasch analysis is more tolerant of skew and was used to validate two newly developed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Tests, Item Response Theory, Elementary School Students
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Calmettes, Guillaume; Drummond, Gordon B.; Vowler, Sarah L. – Advances in Physiology Education, 2012
A jack knife is a pocket knife that is put to many tasks, because it's ready to hand. Often there could be a better tool for the job, such as a screwdriver, a scraper, or a can-opener, but these are not usually pocket items. In statistical terms, the expression implies making do with what's available. Another simile, of an extreme situation, is…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Computation, Population Distribution, Evaluation Methods
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Zimmerman, Donald W. – Journal of Experimental Education, 1986
A computer program randomly sampled ordered pairs of scores from known populations that departed from bivariate normal form and calculated correlation coefficients from sample values. Hypotheses were tested (1) that population correlations are zero using the t statistic; and (2) that population correlations have non-zero values using the r to z…
Descriptors: Correlation, Hypothesis Testing, Sampling, Statistical Distributions
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Samejima, Fumiko – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1994
The reliability coefficient is predicted from the test information function (TIF) or two modified TIF formulas and a specific trait distribution. Examples illustrate the variability of the reliability coefficient across different trait distributions, and results are compared with empirical reliability coefficients. (SLD)
Descriptors: Adaptive Testing, Error of Measurement, Estimation (Mathematics), Reliability
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Yen, Wendy M. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1986
Two methods of constucting equal-interval scales for educational achievement are discussed: Thurstone's absolute scaling method and Item Response Theory. Alternative criteria for choosing a scale are contrasted. It is argued that clearer criteria are needed for judging the appropriateness and usefulness of alternative scaling procedures.…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Latent Trait Theory, Mathematical Models, Scaling
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Huynh, Huynh – Journal of Educational Statistics, 1986
Under the assumptions of classical measurement theory and the condition of normality, a formula is derived for the reliability of composite scores. The formula represents an extension of the Spearman-Brown formula to the case of truncated data. (Author/JAZ)
Descriptors: Computer Simulation, Error of Measurement, Expectancy Tables, Scoring Formulas
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Millsap, Roger E.; Everson, Howard – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1991
Use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with nonzero latent means in testing six different measurement models from classical test theory is discussed. Implications of the six models for observed mean and covariance structures are described, and three examples of the use of CFA in testing the models are presented. (SLD)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Equations (Mathematics), Goodness of Fit, Mathematical Models
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Aberg-Bengtsson, Lisbeth; Erickson, Gudrun – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2006
The research project presented in this article was set in the Swedish school context and carried out on a set of compulsory national tests for English, Swedish, and mathematics used at the end of compulsory school. The aims were: (a) to gain a deeper knowledge of the internal structure of the tests and (b) to separate individual performance from…
Descriptors: Individual Testing, Factor Analysis, Structural Equation Models, Foreign Countries
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Sijtsma, Klaas; Molenaar, Ivo W. – Psychometrika, 1987
Three methods for estimating reliability are studied within the context of nonparametric item response theory. Two were proposed originally by Mokken and a third is developed in this paper. Using a Monte Carlo strategy, these three estimation methods are compared with four "classical" lower bounds to reliability. (Author/JAZ)
Descriptors: Estimation (Mathematics), Latent Trait Theory, Measurement Techniques, Monte Carlo Methods