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Pearson, Eleanor S. – Arithmetic Teacher, 1986
Computational algorithms from American textbooks copyrighted prior to 1900 are presented--some that convey the concept, some just for special cases, and some just for fun. Algorithms for each operation with whole numbers are presented and analyzed. (MNS)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Computation, Division, Elementary Education

Randolph, Tamela D.; Sherman, Helene J. – Teaching Children Mathematics, 2001
Presents several alternatives to customary algorithms for whole number arithmetic. Includes a brief history of each algorithm and discusses why each might be useful for particular kinds of children. (KHR)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Arithmetic, Elementary Education, Learning Strategies

Olson, Melfried; Olson, Judith – School Science and Mathematics, 1988
Describes a pattern which emerged from an examination of the digits of the squares of numbers. Provides eight examples having the pattern at the units or tens digit of the number. (YP)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Arithmetic, Elementary Education, Elementary School Mathematics

Zeddies, Melvin L. – Mathematics Teacher, 1981
Examples of student-developed methods for dividing fractions and dividing and multiplying whole numbers are presented. Both are selected to show mathematical creativity in general mathematics students which would often be overlooked. (MP)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Creativity, Division, Elementary Secondary Education

Blando, John A.; And Others – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1989
Seventh-grade students were tested to uncover arithmetic errors. Answers and intermediate steps were analyzed and models to represent students' behavior were developed. Certain errors were common across students. Others were tied to the format of the test item. Some superficial understandings of mathematical concepts were exposed. (Author/DC)
Descriptors: Algorithms, Arithmetic, Computation, Error Patterns