The Committee on Education and Labor oversight hearing on historically black colleges and universities focused on their unique role and mission in the United States. Colleges created to serve black Americans have existed for over 135 years, and during this time, they have demonstrated their ability to meet the special needs of black students. There are currently just over 100 such colleges, and they enroll nearly 20% of all black Americans attending college. Though funding problems have made several of these institutions close their doors, recently they have enjoyed a resurgence of strength and popularity. This hearing looks closely at the outcome of the nation's investment in black colleges and universities to better understand what is happening on their campuses today and to explore their future needs. Statements are presented from Congressmen Pat Williams, Tim Valentine, and Major Owens as well as several members of panels on Financial Assistance for Student and Faculty Development. It is recommended that a commission on black education rather than on higher education be considered. Prepared statements and supplementary materials from 14 representatives of black colleges are included. (SM)