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Lee, Yong-Won; Breland, Hunter; Muraki, Eiji – 2002
Since the writing section of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) computer based test (CBT) is a single-prompt essay test, it is very important to ensure that each prompt is as fair as possible to any subgroups of examinees, such as those with different native language backgrounds. A particular topic of interest in this study is the…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Computer Assisted Testing, English (Second Language), Essay Tests
Lee, Yong-Won; Kantor, Robert; Mollaun, Pam – 2002
This study examines the score dependability of writing and speaking assessments from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) from the perspectives of univariate and multivariate generalizability theory (G-theory) and presents the findings of three separate G-theory studies. For writing, the focus was on evaluating the impact on…
Descriptors: Ability, English (Second Language), Generalizability Theory, Item Bias
Angoff, William H. – 1989
This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that items of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) containing reference to American people, places, customs, etc., tend to favor examinees who have spent some time living in the United States. Two samples of examinees were drawn from the March 1987 TOEFL administration, one tested in…
Descriptors: Context Effect, English (Second Language), Evaluators, Foreign Nationals
Breland, Hunter M.; Bridgeman, Brent; Fowles, Mary E. – College Entrance Examination Board, 1999
A comprehensive review was conducted of writing research literature and writing test program activities in a number of testing programs. The review was limited to writing assessments used for admission in higher education. Programs reviewed included ACT, Inc.'s ACTâ„¢ program, the California State Universities and Colleges (CSUC) testing program,…
Descriptors: Writing Research, Writing Tests, Writing (Composition), Writing Instruction