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Hill, Laura E.; Betts, Julian R.; Chavez, Belen; Zau, Andrew C.; Bachofer, Karen Volz – Public Policy Institute of California, 2014
Nearly 25 percent of the students attending California's K-12 public schools are English Learners (ELs). Their EL designation is intended to last only as long as they need supplemental language support to succeed in school. Because outcomes for students reclassified as English proficient are much better than for students who remain ELs,…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Public Schools, English Language Learners, Language Fluency
Levin, Stephanie; Duffy, Mark; Dever, Kelly – Research for Action, 2012
Math experts developed Formative Assessment Lessons that teachers can incorporate throughout the year's curriculum. Both tools target the "instructional core." A study by Research for Action (RFA) examining the first year of piloting the Literacy Design Collaborative (LDC) and Math Design Collaborative (MDC) tools (2010-11) found…
Descriptors: Guidelines, Comparative Analysis, Leadership, Educational Change