The aim of this report is threefold. Its first section provides an overall sketch of the situation across Europe and the underlying mechanisms for the differences in European countries. The second section focuses on the heterogeneities within each country. It examines the disparities among students in order to understand which of those correlate…

The diversity of the educational landscape is increasing; however, learners from disadvantaged backgrounds and those who experience discrimination or unequal treatment disproportionately underachieve in schools. Equality, equity and inclusion are fundamental principles of the European Union. They have also become key topics of the educational…

The OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) focuses on young people's ability to use their knowledge and skills to meet real-life challenges. This orientation reflects a change in the goals and objectives of curricula themselves, which are increasingly concerned with what…

Monitoring Learning Achievement (MLA), a joint UNESCO-UNICEF international education assessment initiative, obtains information on the "effectiveness of basic education provision[s] in terms of actual learning achievement." The empirical evidence from the 1999 MLA project countries provides both a diagnosis and possible actions to be…

The 2012 National Survey of Science and Mathematics Education was designed to provide up-to-date information and to identify trends in the areas of teacher background and experience, curriculum and instruction, and the availability and use of instructional resources. A total of 7,752 science and mathematics teachers in schools across the United…

Provides numerous statistics on the unequal distribution of power and wealth among men, women, and minorities of the same educational levels. Argues for (1) the teaching of skills and content that will help students control their own destinies and (2) a cooperative social environment within each classroom. Appended are 13 references. (IW)

Criteria to aid states in desegregating their higher education systems and the need for federal desegregation policy to take into account the unique role of public black colleges are examined, and the historical effects of segregation on educational opportunities for black Americans are traced. Criteria issues by the Department of Health,…

The New Jersey annual report on higher education outlines achievements and problems within the system. Five sections focus on the following topics: (1) introduction; (2) system status report (size of the system, budget and finance, funding policies and formulas, faculty, state college autonomy, and overall academic health); (3) the foundations of…

The New Jersey annual report on higher education in the state highlights accomplishments during 1985-1986. Five sections look at the following topics: (1) introduction; (2) the foundations of excellence (funding to reward excellence and excellence throughout the institution); (3) equity/access (minority enrollment initiatives, basic skills,…