A study examined the learning and character development effects of the outdoor wilderness experience. The research consisted of a retrospective study in which surveys were completed by 429 participants in outdoor programs sponsored by the Student Conservation Association, the National Outdoor Leadership School, and Outward Bound; and a…

During the orientation program for freshmen at the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1973, students were surveyed by questionnaire. In 1976 a followup survey was sent to a random sample of 700 of those students, 40 percent of whom responded. The latter survey consisted of 301 multiple choice items, 127 of which are identical to the…