For most of the 2020-21 school year, Michigan was among the roughly 70% of states that let local school districts, with guidance from local health authorities, determine how and when students were welcomed back into school buildings. Using instructional modality data collected throughout the 2020-21 school year, this paper uncovers not only how…

This report is the fourth in a series investigating K-12 curricula discovery, selection, and adoption processes in the U.S. This year's survey was conducted in April 2022 and provides insights into the beginning of the post-pandemic K-12 curricula in U.S. schools. The survey results come from K-12 administrators and teachers from 49 states and…

The 2020-21 Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) is a mandatory survey of all public school districts and schools serving students in preschool through grade 12 in the 50 states, Washington, D.C., and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and therefore includes data from 17,821 public school districts and 97,575 public schools. The CRDC measures student…

In contemporary education, Hybrid Education, Learning, and Assessment (HELA) practices have experienced a surge in adoption, transcending the boundaries of technology-driven paradigms. This transformative wave is reshaping the educational landscape, redefining the very essence of pedagogical strategies. These practices are embedded in the way we…

We provide the first broad-scale evidence regarding the effect of school reopenings on COVID-19 health outcomes. We specifically focus on COVID-19-related hospitalizations, which directly measure the health outcomes of greatest interest and are not subject to the numerous measurement problems that arise with virus positivity rates and contact…

The current study aimed to explore the COVID-19 impact on the reading achievement growth of Grade 3-5 students in a large urban school district in the U.S. and whether the impact differed by students' demographic characteristics and instructional modality. Specifically, using administrative data from the school district, we investigated to what…

These polls were conducted between March 12-27, 2022 among a national sample of 1,000 teens and between March 12-4, 2022 among a national sample of 1,030 high school parents. The interviews were conducted online and the data were weighted to approximate a target sample of Teens based on gender, age, race, and region and a target sample of High…

COVID-19 changed the experiences of K-12 students and teachers in ways that are not yet well-documented. This report provides initial insights into teaching and learning during the pandemic from the perspectives of teachers and students at 31 public schools in three states. The analyses indicate that about two thirds of the teachers surveyed…

Before school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the frequency with which teachers used computer activities to teach a class varied across education systems. However, many teachers across the board reported the need for professional development to teach using technical devices. Using results from TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and…

The "Spring 2022 Snapshot on International Educational Exchange" continues the commitment of the Institute of International Education (IIE) to map the effects of key current events, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, on international educational exchange to and from the United States. This "Snapshot on International Educational…

The School Survey Dashboard provides insights into learning opportunities offered by schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey collected data five times, once a month from January through May of 2021 and will contribute to the Institute of Education Sciences' response to the Executive Order on Supporting the Reopening and Continuing…

This is the 4th report in a series tracking curricula discovery, selection, and adoption processes in U.S. K-12. This series has followed the direct impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on classroom materials, tracking the rise of digital learning and the subsequent return to the classroom. This survey was conducted in April 2023, with a total…

The research summarized in this paper examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on student performance on the ACT® test, focusing on students who are Native American. It compares outcomes during the three years preceding the pandemic (2018, 2019, and early 2020) to outcomes in 2021 and 2022 while accounting for changes in the tested population…

These are the appendixes for the full report, "Changes in School Climate during COVID-19 in a Sample of Pennsylvania Schools." The REL study analyzed changes in scores from a pre-pandemic year (2018/19) to the 2020/21 and 2021/22 school years, both of which were affected by COVID-19 and related policy changes. These technical appendixes…

The "Variations in District Strategies for Remote Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic" study examined proposed strategies in districts' remote learning plans to ensure continuity and to better support remote learning in Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, and Wyoming. This study used document analysis to examine proposed strategies related…