This booklet, fifth in a series of six, presents a descriptive statistical profile of the Asian and Pacific Islander Americans based on data from the 1980 U.S. Census. The census identifies more than 20 specific population groups, and growth in terms of numbers and diversity is highlighted. Total population for these groups numbered 3.7 million persons in 1980, compared to 1.5 million in 1970. Increased immigration and natural birth rates and changes in census race definitions account for this increase. Twelve figures and six tables focus on population, education, occupation, income, poverty status, and housing data for the largest Asian groups (Chinese, Filipinos, Japanese, Asian Indians, Koreans, and Vietnamese) and for the largest Pacific Islander groups (Hawaiians, Samoans, and Guamanians). Selected statistical data from these figures and tables are identified, highlighted, and summarized. Two additional tables present selected characteristics for all Asian groups with more than 5,000 U.S. residents and all Pacific Islander groups with over 2,500 U.S. inhabitants. (JHP)