Progress monitoring focuses on individualized decision making in general and special education with respect to academic skill development at the elementary grades. Progress monitoring is conducted frequently (at least monthly) and is designed to: (1) Estimate rates of improvement; (2) Identify students who are not demonstrating adequate progress and therefore require additional or alternative forms of instruction; and/or; and (3) Compare the efficacy of different forms of instruction and thereby design more effective, individualized instructional programs for problem learners. In this manual, the authors discuss one form of progress monitoring: Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM). A bibliography of selected CBM articles is contained. Appendix A contains a more extensive list of CBM research articles. Resources are appended. (Contains 50 figures and 67 resources.)