The focus of this study was to examine the implementation and impact of Restorative Justice (RJ) and restorative practices in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) secondary schools. Experiences and perceptions of school administrators, school-level RJ coaches, and central office RJ specialists were examined, and the perceived impact that RJ and…

The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is the nation's first nutrition education program for low-income populations and remains at the forefront of nutrition education efforts to reduce nutrition insecurity of low-income families and youth today. EFNEP contributes to food and nutrition security as program families and youths…

Teachers' sense-making of student behavior determines whether students get in trouble and are formally disciplined. Status categories, such as race, can influence perceptions of student culpability, but the degree to which teachers' initial identification of student misbehavior exacerbates racial disproportionality in discipline receipt is…

Monitoring the Future (MTF) is an ongoing research program conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research under a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse beginning in 1975. The integrated MTF study includes annual surveys of nationally-representative samples of 8th, 10th,…

We investigate the beginning of the school discipline pipeline using a reform in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools that limited the use of out-of-school suspension for students in grades K-2. We find that the reform reduced the likelihood of out-of-school suspension by 1.4 percentage points (56%) and had precise null effects on test scores and…

At least 37 states and the District of Columbia outline alternatives to suspension/expulsion or non-punitive supports that are either available or encouraged. Commonly cited approaches include community service, conflict resolution, counseling, peer mediation, positive behavioral interventions, restitution and restorative justice. This data point…

This report provides data on health behaviors and experiences of high school students in the United States. Data highlight students' behaviors and experiences in 2023, changes from 2021 to 2023, and 10-year trends. The report focuses on: (1) Sexual behavior; (2) Substance use; (3) Experiences of violence; (4) Mental health; (5) Suicidal thoughts…

Students' early problem behaviors in school can be disruptive and even hinder their learning and long-term success. To prevent and address these problem behaviors, schools across the country report adopting Multi-Tiered Systems of Support for Behavior (MTSS-B). The MTSS-B approach seeks to change the school learning environment by consistently…

The following tables are presented in this appendix to accompany the full report "The Home Learning Environment and Attainment. Research Report": (1) Summary crosstabulations of FSM and non-FSM pupils by key educational, behavioural and HLE related characteristics; (2) Univariate regression models for L2 and L3 attainment by key…

The 2024 Annual Report summarizes data contributed to CCMH during the 2023-2024 academic year, beginning July 1, 2023 and closing on June 30, 2024. De-identified data were contributed by 213 college and university counseling centers, describing 173,536 unique college students seeking mental health treatment, 4,954 clinicians, and 1,215,151…

This is the 25th edition of Indicators of School Crime and Safety. This report provides summary statistics to inform the nation about current aspects of crime and safety in schools. This report does so by highlighting selected findings from 23 indicators on various school crime and safety topics. By synthesizing findings in this way, the report…

Since 2005, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) has recommended that whole grains comprise at least half of total grain consumption. This study used nationally representative food consumption datasets (spanning 1994-2018) to examine trends in whole-grain intakes before and after the establishment of this recommendation. Trends were examined…

Nearly 1 in 5 U.S. students attend rural schools. After a two-year pandemic, issues related to funding, teacher recruitment and retention, and serving disadvantaged students have become more severe in rural school districts. In the five-part report series, "Educational Equity for Rural Students: Out of the Pandemic, but Still Out of the…

"America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being, 2023," is a compendium of indicators about the Nation's young people. The report, the 25th produced by the Forum, presents 41 key indicators on important aspects of children's lives. These indicators are drawn from reliable Federal statistics, are easily understood by broad…

The "Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data Summary & Trends Report for Dietary, Physical Activity, and Sleep Behaviors: 2013-2023" provides the most recent surveillance data, the 10-year trends, and 2-year changes in health behaviors and experiences among high school students in the United States (U.S.). This report is a companion to the…