Explores use of phrase 'taken for granted' including 'accept as true' and 'to fail to give subject's due.' Suggests latter usage has been noticed by few dictionary compilers, and EFL learners find it difficult to use and understand. (Author/BK)

Briefly outlines progress in neurolinguistics including Broca's aphasia, multilingual aphasiacs, lateralization, and localization as possible explanations for problem of adult foreign language accent. (BK)

Discusses teacher overload, learner underinvolvement, and learner training to support a switch of emphasis from teaching to learning materials and concludes that questions about materials should be related to conception of the whole of language teaching and learning as the cooperative management of language learning. (Author/BK)

Discusses the claim that attitudes determine the way a foreign language is acquired v the claim that the exact opposite relationship exists. Concludes that the motivational hypothesis does not fully account for the relationship between attitude and success and that foreign language learning causes the formation of positive and negative attitudes.…

Discusses aspects of the English as a second language (ESL) immigrant and ethnic minority classroom. Discusses the practical problems faced by teachers in the multicultural and multilingual classroom, the possible effect of racism on language learning, and the need for a multicultural rather than monocultural approach to ESL. (Author/PJM)

Approaches language teaching and learning with the idea that: (1) before they start learning all human beings are equipped with a great deal of implicit understanding of any new language, and (2) learning of a new language must be ultimately bound up with the process of operating in a new culture. (PJM)

Because of the complexities of language, it is very difficult to get students to continue learning after formal instruction is over. Three things are needed: (1) methodological preparation, where the student learns how to continue learning; (2) psychological preparation, where students become confident in controlling their learning, and (3)…

Suggests that while slavish, excessive memorization is a habit that hinders the development of critical skills while stifling originality and precision, in certain cases the best approach is to accept the memorization habit partially, in order to exploit it for its own eventual elimination. Capitalizing on students' intellectual curiosity…

Uses Papua New Guinea students at the University of Technology to show the problem of shifting from oral to written forms in third world ESL countries. Gives examples of informal use of written English using too much slang contrasted with overly formal English. (BK)

Motivation is probably the most important single factor in successful language learning. Provided the student feels he can use the knowledge gained in the course, his motivation will probably sustain him. Thus, student course evaluations are important. A questionnaire that was distributed to students to gain such an evaluation is described.…

This article discusses the various definitions that have been given to English for Special Purposes (ESP) and concludes that ESP should refer to programs designed for groups of learners who are homogeneous with respect to aims and whose specific learning objectives have been quantified and stated in communicative terms. (Author/CFM)

Students should be prepared psychologically before they begin studying a foreign language to make them disposed to practice the language rather than study it. More emphasis should be placed on the functional/notional aspect of a language than on the structural aspect. (CFM)

This article gives many suggestions for using drama in the foreign language classroom. (CFM)

Courses in linguistics should be included in teacher training programs for future teachers of English as a second language but they must be taught with the practical needs of the classroom teacher in mind. (CFM)

Describes English language texts purchased in China in 1975. (CFM)