Describes how performance technology can be applied to the area of strategic market planning. Strategic planning is defined; the reactive and proactive modes of mega-level planning are explained; implications for strategic market planning are suggested; and a new model for applying strategic planning to marketing is presented. (13 references) (LRW)

Discusses instructional strategies that can be used in any skill domain and uses Gagne's conditions of learning as a model to suggest internal and external conditions of expertise. Differences between experts and novices are examined, including the amount of information they can bring to a new situation, the organization of that information, and…

Discusses the instructional systems development (ISD) model which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation; and concludes that a precontract phase should be included where standards can be specified. The need for this initial phase is considered in light of commercial vendors and the need to bid competitively. (LRW)

Provides a framework for examining problems where the solution involves changing human behavior. Topics addressed include the perspective of content versus the perspective of process; force field analysis; problems of omission and commission; and determinants of behavior, i.e., perceived effects and consequences. (LRW)

Reviews the traditional formative evaluation model used by instructional designers; summarizes Kirkpatrick's model of evaluation; proposes the integration of part of Kirkpatrick's model with traditional formative evaluation; and discusses performance-context formative evaluation. (three references) (LRW)

Presents a model for instructional design that highlights formative evaluation as the central process. Other models of instructional design are discussed; data collection methods are examined; the evaluator's role is considered; and the recursive nature of the design process is emphasized. (seven references) (LRW)

Discusses the working relationship between an instructional technologist and a subject matter expert (SME). Highlights include characteristics of a good relationship; the context for working with a SME; and a model for SME interactions, including checklists for various phases. (five references) (LRW)

Identifies different types of statements that make up the structure of a lecture, including concepts, definitions, formulas, theories, models, and predictive statements. The selection of statements and their relationship to pedagogical processes is described, and the importance of knowledge of the abilities of the intended audience is discussed.…

Compares and contrasts the current development of needs analysis and needs assessment through a review of the literature, and offers recommendations designed to restore systems thinking to front-end analysis in organizational and instructional development. The roles of needs assessment and needs analysis in a performance technology model are…

Suggests ways for instructional design consultants to develop people skills and foster successful client relationships: take win-win approach; match consulting models; study clients as you study problems; build common ground; study organizations as you study clients; be respectful, trustworthy, informative, slow to judge; express your needs, and…

Examines the importance of human systems as a relevant aspect of development processes and looks at the career anchor model proposed by Schein as a possible area in the analysis of the instructional developer/client relationships. Fourteen references are listed. (Author/LLS)

Presents a fundamental model for designing an evaluation process for the effectiveness of training. Topics include training as a process rather than a program; monitoring effectiveness prior to, during, and after the training event, including feedback; and evaluating cost effectiveness. (LRW)

Describes performer-centric interface design and explains a model-based approach for conducting performer-centric analysis and design. Highlights include design methodology, including cognitive task analysis; creating task scenarios; creating the presentation model; creating storyboards; proof of concept screens; object models and icons;…

Reviews the basic assumptions of two paradigms of inquiry, the rationalist and the naturalist, to determine which one provides the best fit for one-to-one formative evaluation of instructional materials focusing on learnability issues. Conclusions suggest the naturalistic assumptions are more suitable. (13 references) (LRW)

Discusses Johnson's theory that information can be gathered in either a systematic or spontaneous manner and that this information will be analyzed either internally or externally, and considers some of its implications for understanding group interactions. Models of decision-making styles and characteristics and the problem-solving process are…