In this year-long qualitative study we explore the case of two eighth grade U.S. History teachers who use simulations on a regular basis to teach heterogeneously-grouped students in a high-stakes testing environment. We describe the purposes the teachers espoused for implementing simulations and provide detailed portraits of three types of…

The American Association of Dental Schools' guidelines for curriculum development in microbiology outline the scope of the subject, interrelationships with other disciplines and specialties, primary educational goals, prerequisites, core content, specific behavioral objectives in each subarea, sequencing, and faculty and facilities requirements.…

Provides guidelines for planning an individualized approach to classroom instruction. Examines the preparation of learning objectives and instructional units to be incorporated in the course outline and discusses the use of quizzes, examinations, and student-instructor feedback. Analyzes the benefits of individualized instruction in terms of…

Reviews several issues involved in the reform of history teaching and suggests directions in which American history educators might proceed. Stresses the British model of understanding, cause and effect, and chronological sequence. (TRS)

Reviews instructional design models; discusses characteristics of distance education in higher education via interactive television; and presents a nine-step instructional design model designed specifically for college course delivery via interactive television. Course goals, content analysis, performance objectives, learner characteristics,…

Suggestions for improved course management include: (1) up-to-date syllabus, (2) course objectives and teacher expectations communicated in syllabus, (3) written weighted requirements for course, (4) written expectations in regard to papers and projects, (5) discussion of student responsibility, (6) clarification of grading criteria, (7) state…

Developed for newly appointed or experienced college instructors, this monograph presents a process for specifying instructional objectives. After chapter 1 provides background on the process of writing learning objectives, chapter 2 defines the terms, "goals,""objectives,""instruction," and "learning." Chapter 3 provides the instructor with a…

A position is put forth on the appropriate content of a computer literacy course and the role of computer literacy in the community college. First, various definitions of computer literacy are examined, including the programming, computer awareness, and comprehensive approaches. Next, five essential components of a computer literacy course are…

Low-level content and cheating are two problems that are serious threats to the personalized system of instruction (PSI). The use of behavioral objectives can reduce book-boundness and consequently raise the level of course content. To prevent cheating in PSI courses, rigorous checks on proctor grading must be built into courses. (RM)

After discussing the advantages and limitations of behavioral instructional objectives, recommends the use of "specified encounters" to complement those activities for which behavioral objectives can be specified. Describes these encounters as planned events with outcomes which vary with the individual. (AYC)

Likens a circus performer's varied responsibilities to the learning tasks required of undergraduates. Suggests that students' inability to perform many of these tasks results from confusion about instructors' expectations and the appropriateness of various learning strategies to different tasks. Recommends that students be presented with clear…

An environmental education-oriented global studies program to promote attitudes of environmental stewardship can be implemented in K-12 rural school systems, as an integrated part of social studies instruction, without overburdening the curriculum, by using the Curriculum Organization and Program Evaluation (COPE) model. The model provides…

Describes a five-step set of procedures for designing and developing instruction that promotes student-teacher interaction and teacher responsiveness. The steps described address instructional content, objectives, questions, boundaries, and entry behavior. (MBR)

This paper 1) discusses the problems encountered in preparing objectives for instructional programs; 2) describes an informal research project in which seven instructional designers working on the same project attempted to determine agreement on an objective; and 3) suggests how to prepare objectives so that difficulties can be minimized. One…

Contends that aims and goals of many language courses lack the precision needed for effective teaching and evaluation and that there is a need to write precise statements of objectives in terms of pupils' learning rather than in terms of teachers' activities. Suggests how to write learning objectives. (SED)