This article provides an analytical framework that not only explains the contradictions in the relationship between decentralization and development, but also facilitates constructive debate about decentralization's role in development. It also reviews the extent, form, and impact of recent decentralization policies and programs in less developed…

Compares three models for satellite systems in terms of design and costs in relation to other communications systems to show the most efficient and economical forms. (JMF)

The author introduces the concept of development education as a response to what he calls the "morally unacceptable fact of poverty, inequality, and human misery amidst the plentiful resources of the world." He describes the work of Oxfam America, which operates in the Third World to improve living conditions while promoting community…

The author points out that the experiences of women and children closely affect each other, yet in development programs over the past 20 years projects have been designed either for one group or the other--but seldom with both in mind. She provides examples of successful programs that focus on both groups. (CT)

This seminar paper explores research bearing on the provision of early childhood education in Zimbabwe. Initially, unresolved problems in the developmental literature are pointed out to support the view that those concerned with intervention in the developmental process can only proceed heuristically by basing their action on theoretical…

Discusses the development of entrepreneurship programs for women in developing countries. Examines the importance of focusing on rural areas, developing basic and entrepreneurial skills for women migrating to urban areas, encouraging linkage between urban and rural women, and considering women's personal needs. (CT)

Intended for archivists and librarians, especially in developing countries, this study details the systems and principles important in planning and implementing a program for the preservation and restoration of paper documents and books. The importance of environmental (external) causes and effects of paper deterioration are discussed as well as…

Outlines the major impacts of the developments that have occurred in the past quarter century upon families in developing countries. The article examines the evidence that shows that home economists have the knowledge and attitudes to develop such an orientation in their professional programs designed to foster development. (Author/CT)

Program design in nonformal education must take into account the cultural context in which it exists. In developing countries, it can neither reject all values of Western civilization (an impossible task), nor can it embrace Western values without regard to native cultures. The challenge, especially in literacy education, is to become culturally…

Drawing from his experiences at the University of the South Pacific, the author considers ways that the university can teach not only cognitive knowledge, but also altruism and active community concern to its students. (SJL)

Participation has been accepted as an always desirable methodology in seeking development with rather than for the people. This paper explores some of the limitations of participation as it relates to planning and implementing nonformal education projects. The author focuses on six broad issues that relate to project participation. (SSH)

The causal relationship among adult literacy, social evolution, and economic development has traditionally made adult literacy programs a priority in developing nations. To develop effective adult literacy programs, educational planners must consider a variety of linguistic, cultural, economic, and political needs. First of all, planners must…

After an analysis of eight mass literacy campaigns (USSR 1919-39; Vietnam, 1945-77; China, 1950-58; Cuba, 1961; Burma, 1960-1981; Brazil, 1967-80; Tanzania, 1971-81; and Somalia, 1973-75), a campaign strategy for a mass literacy campaign is proposed. A potentially successful mass literacy campaign has to be both an educational and a political…

Discusses the roots, definition, applications, and development of educational technology; educational problems which could be addressed by educational technology; and educational technology applications and reasons for their successes and failures. Guidelines for successful implementation of educational technology programs are outlined. (MBR)

Nonformal education is any organized, systematic learning activity carried on outside the formal educational system and usually focused on improving participants' social and personal living, occupational capability, or vocational competency. Because it offers opportunity and participation to all in a non-threatening atmosphere and promotes rapid…