This essay advances a way of thinking about assessment that envelops both process and outcome. We assert that learning in community service learning and the assessment thereof might fruitfully be considered in communication with others (the students, constituents from the community, instructors, etc.). Concepts central to a social approach to…

Evaluation is an important component of intergenerational programs. This paper argues that the approach to evaluation for the 1990s and beyond should be two-fold: first, intergenerational programs of all types must emphasize the thoughtful, comprehensive planning of evaluation; second, the intergenerational field needs to strengthen evaluation in…

An ecological framework for predicting citizen participation in grassroots community organizations and predicting community disorder problems (such as crime and fear) was developed and tested. The framework, which is called an ecological framework for sustainable community learning and development, delineates the relevant economic, political,…