Raises 10 issues concerning initiation, development, and implementation of realistic job previews (RJPs), framing issues as tough choices that must be made. Makes recommendations for each of 10 choices on basis of previous RJP research, relevant theory, and personal experience. (Author/NB)

Adventure programs attempt to control or limit injuries in high-risk programming. This risk management has concentrated on the physical safety of participants at the expense of emotional and developmental security. In the zeal for accident-free statistics, a highly controlled, directive approach is created that treats individuals according to a…

Implications from common themes underscore the need to redefine and expand the purposes of professional education and to consider experiential learning programmatically in relation to these purposes. Other implications relating to program design and to how we view and manage the process of learning are summarized. (Author/MLW)

The term "challenge by choice" is interpreted by some as offering a way out of the adventure education experience. Six considerations are presented for designing programs and planning activities with a broader application of challenge by choice, thereby providing meaningful experiences for all participants regardless of their ability.…

Adventure-based programs may be designed in a way that not only provides an intervention aimed at therapy or development, but also teaches participants to become their own agents of change. McWhirter's model proposes that empowerment is broader than notions of personal autonomy and efficacy, reaching outside the individual. The model specifies…

During the past 50 years, outdoor education as a curriculum development has progressed from a few pilot projects to some fairly comprehensive programs in the United States and Canada. In the process, outdoor education programs have lost the relaxed pace of earlier programs, flexibility in planning and scheduling, and total involvement of the…

Presents a process for defining high-quality adventure for all young people. Expands "progression" in outdoor adventure to include application of what is learned to other aspects of life. Emphasizes the importance to adventure education of nonadventurous dimensions such as group experience, and stresses that adventure is both medium and a message.…

Effective adventure programming is explained in terms of the "significant learning" experience, involving periods of tension, questioning, and transfer during personal and social learning. Adventure programming that is supportive, adaptive, and properly sequenced maximizes the potential of significant learning. Trust- and…

Explores how sponsored experiential learning programs work--from the perspectives of both the facilitators and the consumers of the learning. Discusses on-campus programs, off-campus centers, the intern position, administering adult internship programs--the sponsor's perspective and the company perspective, and internships with current employers.…

The programs of sponsored experiential learning can improve their bargaining position within the institution by practicing and demonstrating cost-effective forms of operation. Effective sponsored experiential learning programs can actually increase the cost-effectiveness of the host institution. (MLW)

The agenda for promoting and expanding experiential learning in other cultures includes building commitment, examining organizational issues in program planning and implementation, assessment needs, and discussion of faculty and student rewards of cross-cultural study. Additional resources and literature references are given. (MSE)

Two day-long college events--wilderness orienteering and a role-playing canoe trip into the past--illustrate ingredients critical for experiential learning: active learning, student focus, clear purpose, emotional investment and risk, holistic engagement, mixture of content and process, stepping outside one's comfort zone, meaningful…

The application of structural-developmental theory to experiential education practice is discussed. The theory is based on the concept of stages, which are structurally whole, internally consistent systems of thought that organize the individual's understanding of, feelings toward, and actions on the world. Stage theory presents the image of an…

This paper discusses some generic humanistic principles and conditions of learning which should undergird a field based educational and staff development process designed to enable teachers in a variety of situations, circumstances, and schools to improve themselves personally and professionally. (Author/JD)

Educational researchers are increasingly using design as a means of advancing their understanding. Historically design in educational research has served as a way to implement theories for testing. The emerging design research paradigm treats design as a strategy for developing and refining theories. In this article, I discuss the lessons that can…