We acknowledge that some students with severe disabilities are not being taught in general education. We do not agree that inclusion in general education is inherently better, nor do we think it is always appropriate, and we provide some reasons that a full continuum of alternative placements is not only legally mandated but appropriate. We are…

Professional confusion, as well as case law confusion, exists concerning the fidelity and integrity of response to intervention (RTI) as a defensible procedure for identifying children as having a specific learning disability (SLD) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Division is generated because of conflicting mandates…

Today an ever-increasing number of infants and young children with and without disabilities play, develop, and learn together in a variety of places--homes, early childhood programs, neighborhoods, and other community-based settings. The notion that young children with disabilities and their families are full members of the community reflects…

The purpose of this paper was to review, analyze, and critique the pros and cons, the advantages and disadvantages, of inclusion. The methodology consisted in analyzing and comparing research findings on the benefits and costs of inclusion. Federal legislation and regulations on inclusion were examined, analyzed, and discussed. The results showed…

The author describes her discussion with school personnel, administrators, tutor/interpreters, and deaf students, regarding the effects of mainstreaming and P.L. 94-142. She cites general dissatisfaction with both the social and intellectual progress made after 10 years of the legislation and notes difficulties with the concept of least…

The author cites provisions of PL 94-142 and notes the arts advocacy thrust of the National Committee on Arts for the Handicapped. She urges arts educators to concentrate on the integrative aspects of this trend, not forgetting arts education for all through over-emphasis on special groups. (SJL)

Various federal laws support inclusion of special needs students in agricultural education. Teaching strategies should address specific needs of various exceptionalities. Inclusion has benefits for special and regular education students as well as society. (SK)

The article presents answers to teachers' commonly asked questions concerning P.L. 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. Questions and responses touch on such aspects as mainstreaming, legislative history, resource rooms, individualized education programs, due process, funding, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.…

Discusses the three major developments in the revised Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): general-education teachers participating in individualized education programs, school flexibility in disciplining special-needs students, and emphasis on integrating special-education students into general education. (JOW)

The background of P.L. 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, is reviewed, its contents analyzed, and major problems identified. Areas of controversy addressed include provision of such related services as psychotherapy, school health services, summer programs, and vocational education. Expense and ambiguity of the law are among…

Public Law 94-142 (the Education for All Handicapped Children Act) states that, to the maximum extent appropriate, handicapped children are to be educated with children who are not handicapped and that special classes, special schooling, or other removal of handicapped children from the regular educational environment should occur only when the…

Four commissioned papers on approaches to implement the least restrictive environment (LRE) provision of P.L. 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, are presented. The authors were asked to develop criteria applicable to the local level and appropriate to a variety of contexts. Papers are presented from the following authors:…

The article calls attention to the fact that one of the ironies of P.L. 94-142 is the constraining effect of the regulations developed to implement the law. A combination resource room and self- contained class are described as one alternative to strict adherence to the Deno Cascade model. (Author)

The article compares Part B of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) of 1975 with Part H and argues that the similar meanings of "appropriate educational services" and "least restrictive environment" under both parts support efforts to integrate infants and toddlers with disabilities. (Author/DB)

Briefly outlines the provisions of P. L. 94-142, some obstacles to the law's implementation, and the approaches some districts are taking to implement its provisions. (IRT)