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Viaggio, Sergio – 1991
The communicative approach to translation seeks to bring a text to a new audience, to be assimilated in its new environment. The semantic approach views the text as a cultural artifact, borrowed from its original environment, to be displayed or studied. Translations are usually semantic, not communicative, because few translators are truly…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Interpreters, Language Processing, Professional Training
Boot, M. – Etudes de Linguistique Appliquee, 1979
Describes current activity in the Netherlands in the area of computational linguistics, mathematical linguistics, and text processing. (AM)
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Data Processing, Language Processing, Machine Translation
Birch, Roy; And Others – Multicultural Teaching, 1996
Argues that interviewers' communication with interviewees while conducting cross-cultural and bilingual research too often depersonalizes and disempowers their subjects. The authors describe a better approach that stresses the comprehensibility and accuracy of translation and the need to pay attention to cultural and linguistic identity of the…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Field Interviews, Interpersonal Communication, Language Processing

Rindflesch, Thomas C. – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 1996
Examines recent trends in research in natural language processing and discusses some applications of this research to the solution of information management problems. The article emphasizes that the importance of natural language processing systems is reflected in their frequent use in support of other computer programs. (71 references) (CK)
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Database Management Systems, Dictionaries, Discourse Analysis

Hummel, Kirsten M. – Canadian Modern Language Review, 1995
Drawing on research on memory and on the effectiveness of pairing first-language dialogue with second-language script, and through analysis of the language processing occurring in the translation process, it is argued that translation may be an effective technique for second language instruction. (12 references) (MSE)
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, French, Language Processing, Learning Processes

Gile, Daniel – Babel: International Journal of Translation, 1984
The nature of simultaneous translation, often misunderstood, is a precarious balance of listening and analysis, production of discourse and memory. The work's quality would be improved by reinforcing interpretive skills, research in teaching methods, and study of precise interpretive techniques. (MSE)
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Communication (Thought Transfer), Educational Needs, Interpreters
Viaggio, Sergio – 1991
Professional training for translators, most often begun in specialized subject areas, should begin with a course in translation theory. The first purpose of such a course is to teach students to think as translators, whose function is to convey the message contained in the source language. Simply stated, this is a three-step process of: (1)…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Design, Curriculum Development, Educational Needs

Malmkjaer, Kirsten – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
A response to a paper on Translation Quality Assessment (TQA) and the training of translators supports the argument that the functionalist approach to TQA has not succeeded and that despite the merits of the approach, this reflects a flaw. The role of contrastive/comparative linguistics in functionalist translation theory is considered. (MSE)
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Evaluation Criteria, Language Processing, Learning Theories
Oittinen, Riita – 1991
Some principles and challenges of translation are discussed, and three courses in translation of fiction offered at the University of Tampere (Finland) are described. "Dialogic" principles of translation include: acknowledging that messages are changed in the process of translation, creating a new text; pinpointing the intended purpose…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Classroom Techniques, Course Descriptions, Educational Strategies

Garrett, Nina – Modern Language Journal, 1986
This article (1) discusses the relationship between grammatical and communicative competence; (2) examines aspects of grammar theory; (3) discusses pedagogical problems inherent in traditional notions of grammar; and (4) summarizes the pedagogical and research implications of a new perspective on the role of grammar in foreign language…
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Grammar Translation Method, Interlanguage, Language Processing

Bush, Peter – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
In response to a paper on Translation Quality Assessment and the training of translators, it is argued that too much emphasis is given to the role of psycholinguistics, functionalism, and quality assessment and too little on the development of student translators as the complex readers and writers that translators should be. Focus is on literary…
Descriptors: Evaluation Criteria, Higher Education, Interpretive Skills, Language Processing

Newmark, Peter – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
A response to a paper on the training of translators criticizes assertions made about the layperson's view of translation and about the relevance and consistency of professional training, and identifies misconceptions in the author's understanding of specific theories and approaches, particularly the functionalist approach to translation and…
Descriptors: Evaluation Criteria, Higher Education, Interpretive Skills, Language Processing

Honig, Hans G. – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
The author of a paper of Translation Quality Assessment and the training of translators responds to criticisms, focusing on the problems of a contrastive/comparative linguistics approach to translation, the complexity of the translation task, and the issue of translator subjectivity. (MSE)
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Higher Education, Interpretive Skills, Language Processing

Honig, Hans G. – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
Examines theoretical foundations and practical application of Translation Quality Assessment (TQA), particularly in translator training. Several approaches to translation are considered, especially the "functional" and "relevance" approaches. The need for TQA, several popular views on translation quality, and the issue of…
Descriptors: Audience Awareness, Evaluation Criteria, German, Higher Education

Shuttleworth, Mark – Current Issues in Language and Society, 1997
A response to a paper on Translation Quality Assessment (TQA) and the training of translators focuses on the paper's criticism of the theoretical basis for teaching and evaluating student work. It discusses how criteria for evaluation of translations are determined and the role of the client/audience in this process. (MSE)
Descriptors: Audience Awareness, Evaluation Criteria, Higher Education, Interpretive Skills
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