This discussion of goal setting as a means of directing organizational, supervisory, and individual achievement presents the factors involved in goal-based planning at these three levels within the library context, including planning strategies, evaluation methods, and possible problems at each level. (CLB)

Types of performance evaluation for academic librarians are discussed, noting strengths and weaknesses--formats, relative ranking system, dimensionalized ranking system, management by objectives, and degree of participation. Use of appraisal program to aid library administration in monitoring ongoing activity, planning ahead, and motivating…

Discussion of performance appraisal in nonprofit organizations and the difficulties involved in obtaining accurate job feedback examines four types of appraisal: behavioralism; minimal model; heuristic knowledge; and tacit information from in-house experimentation. Conclusions are drawn about the usefulness of these approaches and a suggestion for…

Describes some characteristics of the modern organization that affect contract or negotiated management and identifies changes in approach relevant for library and information organizations management now and in the future. (EM)

Seven articles on library reference services highlight reference obsolescence in academic libraries, major studies of unobtrusive reference tests, methods for evaluating reference desk performance, reference interview evaluation, problems of reference desk control, online searching by end users, and reference collection development in…