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Direct linkWestergaard, Marit – Second Language Research, 2021
This article is a response to commentaries on the article, "Microvariation in Multilingual Situations: The Importance of Property-by-Property Acquisition" (EJ1300541). This response is divided into sections focusing on the following issues: (1) full transfer and the notion of copying; (2) the definition of linguistic proximity; (3) some…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language
Gabriele, Alison – Second Language Research, 2021
This commentary discusses Westergaard's (2021) keynote article, which presents a comprehensive model of first language (L1), second language (L2), and third language (L3) acquisition. The commentary presents evidence from a previous study of L3 learners that provides support for Westergaard's property-by-property transfer proposal. The commentary…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, Linguistic Theory
Lantolf, James P.; Zhang, Xian – Language Learning, 2015
We respond here to Pienemann's critique of our study that appeared earlier this year in the Language Learning Special Issue entitled "Orders and Sequences in the Acquisition of L2 Morphosyntax, 40 Years On" and guest edited by Jan Hulstijn, Rod Ellis, and Søren Eskildsen. Pienemann objected to our claim that the Teachability Hypothesis…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Acquisition, Morphology (Languages), Syntax
Slabakova, Roumyana – Second Language Research, 2014
This article offers commentary that the Multiple Grammar (MG) language acquisition theory proposed by Luiz Amaral and Tom Roeper (A&R) in the present issue lacks elaboration of the psychological mechanisms at work in second language acquisition. Topics discussed include optionality in a speaker's grammar and the rules of verb position in…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Research, Grammar, Language Universals
Bhatt, Rakesh M. – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2013
Pieter Muysken's keynote paper, "Language contact outcomes as a result of bilingual optimization strategies", undertakes an ambitious project to theoretically unify different empirical outcomes of language contact, for instance, SLA, pidgins and Creoles, and code-switching. Muysken has dedicated a life-time to researching, rather…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Pidgins, Creoles, Language Research
Peer reviewedWalz, Joel – Canadian Modern Language Review, 2001
Proposes pedagogical solutions to problems beginning language learners have reading World Wide Web documents--reading an electronic format and deciphering the language used in Web pages. Proposed are a study of Uniform Resource Indicators (URLs) to enhance predictions, the analysis of visuals that support the meaning of the text, and the…
Descriptors: Hypermedia, Prediction, Reading Comprehension, Second Language Instruction
