The article argues for the participation and involvement of students in developing learning spaces within higher education. In early childhood education there is a strong emphasis upon rights, democracy and planning learning through listening to young children. Taking inspiration from this, the study explores the use of participatory approaches in…

The zero-based budgeting approach is designed to achieve the greatest benefit with the fewest undesirable consequences. Seven basic steps make up the zero-based decision-making process: (1) identifying program goals, (2) classifying goals, (3) identifying resources, (4) reviewing consequences, (5) developing decision packages, (6) implementing a…

Claims that increasingly, decisions about whether or how resources will be allocated to young children and families will be made at the state level. Explores the questions answered by the policy document, "Map and Track: State Initiatives for Young Children and Families," and the significance of these questions. Highlights findings and…

Discusses the National Goals for Education and suggests a need for an increase in the quantity and quality of research by school library media professionals. Cooperation between media specialists, teachers, and principals is discussed; and resources to help planning programs that will meet the national goals are described. (LRW)

A proactive approach to human resource development requires assessment of skills and attitudes, review of the diagnosis, an incubation period, implementation of training, and evaluation of results. (SK)

This document describes a community resource plan developed for rural special educators at a small elementary school near Salem, Oregon. The plan was designed for the specific needs of rural special educators, who generally have greater need for materials, personnel support, and financing than their urban counterparts. The resource plan includes:…

Describes experience-based learning as programs that are designed to expand the setting of learning experiences beyond traditional school into occupational and community settings. Includes guidelines for program development and a list of competencies needed by program staff. (JOW)

Human and material resources external and internal to adult education programs must be cultivated for program development. Methods include developing support of decision makers, being entrepreneurial, and demonstrating accountability. Issues include the need for flexible, responsive staff and structure, clearly defined policy, and flexible service…

Facilities and schemes for training and retraining vocational education teachers are needed in developed and developing countries, but such training must be cost-effective. Some characteristics of cost-effective schemes include the following: adaptability, coordination between various providers, good planning, and adequate financial support.…

The traditional view that an activity's comparative impact on collective welfare ought to guide resource allocation is refuted. A paradigm of a multisystem society with the non-fungibility of investment resources an essential issue in project appraisal is presented. (SLD)

Only recently has the need to link rural education programs for workers and economic planning been recognized. This interest in linkages has resulted in a variety of intermediary mechanisms for collaboration. Included among the elements or activities necessary for linking education and economic development are the following: a solid base of…

The author describes how the best training functions operate and what is responsible for their substantial contribution to their organizations. He discusses awareness of the mission, goals, and needs of the organization; line management commitment; emphasis on practicality; using multiple sources; consistent delivery; and evaluation of results.…

Describes a resource teacher's efforts to implement a program to improve reading at the secondary level in a Florida school. Offers activities used in the program. (FL)

Describes the Economics in Action program, which familiarizes an audience with a number of basic economic concepts operational in a prominent local business or industry and through that process builds understanding of economics and its applications. A sample program for secondary teachers that is focused on the iron and steel industry is…

Suggests that support from the institution receiving a foreign language program grant is essential to the program's life and longevity and that institutions should be encouraged by the funding agencies to meet their expressed, supportive commitments. Suggestions are given on how to make a grant-funded curricular project work. (GLR)