Beginning in the year 2000, higher education policies all over Europe were transformed by the launching and evolution of the Bologna Process, otherwise known as the process of creating a European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Initially, this process was flexible and informal, which makes the rapidity and scope of the changes it brought about…

HORIZONS, a German project under the European Community's Human Resources initiative, has reached the disadvantaged target group, but most participants have received only attendance certificates of little employment value. Most project organizers underestimated the amount of effort required to plan and run transnational activities. (JOW)

This working paper briefly reviews the history of the information activities of the International Bureau of Education (IBE) from its first consultative meeting in 1971 to the adoption in 1977 of Recommendation 71, which calls for the development of a worldwide information network in education based on the active participation of regional and…

Developing countries are becoming increasingly aware of the fact that specialized information is essential to their economic and social development, and that it is an indispensable factor in the rational use of natural resources, the development of human resources, scientific and technological advancement, and progress in agriculture, industry,…

The International Bureau of Education (IBE) and Unesco, together with their member states, are faced with the task of implementing a proposed network--the International Network for Educational Information (INED)--for the better use of information resources for educational development. This review of issues that need to be considered in the…

H. S. Bhola's models for planned change can help those offering technical assistance to developing countries by: (1) helping structure the realities of the world they seek to change; (2) uncovering linkages; (3) anticipating problems; and (4) putting program actions into perspective. Activities of the German Foundation for International…

Participation has been accepted as an always desirable methodology in seeking development with rather than for the people. This paper explores some of the limitations of participation as it relates to planning and implementing nonformal education projects. The author focuses on six broad issues that relate to project participation. (SSH)

This issue of the Courier contains articles loosely connected to each other by the underlying theme of developing people's capacity to improve the quality of their lives. The following articles are included: "Development of Human Resources--A Basic Needs Approach," by Mohiuddin Ahmad; "Rural Poverty," by the United Nations Food…