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Direct linkAndrew P. Jaciw – American Journal of Evaluation, 2025
By design, randomized experiments (XPs) rule out bias from confounded selection of participants into conditions. Quasi-experiments (QEs) are often considered second-best because they do not share this benefit. However, when results from XPs are used to generalize causal impacts, the benefit from unconfounded selection into conditions may be offset…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Generalization, Test Bias
Seyyed-Abdolhamid Mirhosseini; Mahtab Janfada; Leila Iranmanesh – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2025
Language tests, including international high-stakes English proficiency tests widely used around the world, are to be viewed as ideological constructs connected with power relations and center-periphery demarcations at different social levels. In this paper, we examine the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) as an instance of…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
