This activity helps students examine key elements of truth-default theory. Specifically, by participating in a deception detection game, which secretly prompts different teams to be more or less suspicious, students learn that people's tendency to be "truth biased" leads to lower accuracy when judging actual lies and higher accuracy when…

Distances derived from word embeddings can measure a range of gradational relations--similarity, hierarchy, entailment, and stereotype--and can be used at the document- and author-level in ways that overcome some of the limitations of weighted dictionary methods. We provide a comprehensive introduction to using word embeddings for relation…

As an excellent means of improving students' effective learning, knowledge tracking can assess the level of knowledge mastery and discover latent learning patterns based on students' historical learning evaluation of related questions. The advantage of knowledge tracking is that it can better organize and adjust students' learning plans, provide…

Popular item response theory (IRT) models are considered complex, mainly due to the inclusion of a random factor variable (latent variable). The random factor variable represents the incidental parameter problem since the number of parameters increases when including data of new persons. Therefore, IRT models require a specific estimation method…

Large language models (LLMs), through their exposure to massive collections of online text, learn to reproduce the perspectives and linguistic styles of diverse social and cultural groups. This capability suggests a powerful social scientific application--the simulation of empirically realistic, culturally situated human subjects. Synthesizing…

Learners who lack the perception of specific sounds or pronunciation can attain a measure of inability to participate in meaningful communication due to their difficulties in understanding and being understood. This article presents lesson plans that provide a framework for addressing the needs of learners as they move from perceiving sounds to…

We describe best practices in reporting reliability estimates in counseling research with consideration to precision, generalization, and diverse populations. We provide a historical context to reporting reliability estimates, the limitations of past practices, and new methods to address reliability generalization. We highlight best practices…

Mathematics teachers have been documented as thinking of precision as a black-and-white issue that should be judged based on external expectations (Otten et al., 2019), suggesting that matters of precision align primarily with approaches to mathematics instruction that prioritize accuracy and speed. How can teachers who also value creativity and…

The "Test Adaptation Reporting Standards" (TARES), or "TARES statement" was developed to alleviate the problems arising from inadequate reporting of test adaptation procedures. The TARES contains a short preamble and a checklist, that comprises an evidence-based minimum set of information for reporting in test adaptations. The…

A random-effects model is often applied in meta-analysis when considerable heterogeneity among studies is observed due to the differences in patient characteristics, timeframe, treatment regimens, and other study characteristics. Since 2014, the journals "Research Synthesis Methods" and the "Annals of Internal Medicine" have…

The purpose of this article is to discuss reliability and precision through the lens of a modern measurement approach, item response theory (IRT). Reliability evidence in the field of counseling is primarily generated using Classical Test Theory (CTT) approaches, although recent studies in the field of counseling have shown the benefits of using…

Dynamic Item Response Models extend the standard Item Response Theory (IRT) to capture temporal dynamics in learner ability. While these models have the potential to allow instructional systems to actively monitor the evolution of learner proficiency in real time, existing dynamic item response models rely on expensive inference algorithms that…

This paper details how to effectively share three-dimensional geological models using data conversion between two mainstream mining software, Micromine and Surpac. It also discusses the impact of this conversion method on geological integrated exploration decision-making guidance. The current situation primarily manifests in the fact that both…

Minority-serving institutions (MSIs) are unique in their ability to support the educational advancement of students of color. Approximately one in five postsecondary institutions are eligible for funding under an MSI designation, yet more than half of all undergraduate students of color are enrolled in such colleges and universities. However,…

Is self-assessment enough to keep physicians' cognitive skills--such as diagnosis, treatment, basic biological knowledge, and communicative skills--current? We review the cognitive strengths and weaknesses of self-assessment in the context of maintaining medical expertise. Cognitive science supports the importance of accurately self-assessing…