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Borman, Jennifer; Cusick, Philip – 1998
The Michigan English Language Arts Framework (MELAF) offers an illustrative case of top-down and bottom-up confluences in curriculum policymaking. In several distinct ways, state policy met local initiatives to create dynamic partnerships to spread change. State systematic reformers looked to the grass roots for ideas and percolating initiatives.…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Case Studies, Curriculum Development, Educational Policy

Likes, Diana – Art Education, 1995
Contends that, in an age of decreased educational funding, it is more likely that art teachers must work with administrators who have little or no art training. Asserts that art teachers must educate the administrators about the value of educational art programs. Provides suggested strategies to accomplish this goal. (CFR)
Descriptors: Administrators, Art Education, Art Teachers, Curriculum Development

Alleman, Janet; Brophy, Jere – Social Studies and the Young Learner, 1995
Reviews the national social studies standards developed and disseminated by the National Council for the Social Studies. Discusses 3 purposes and 10 operating assumptions of the standards. Responds to six questions that examine the standards within the classroom context. (CFR)
Descriptors: Active Learning, Citizenship Education, Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Development

Gay, Susan M. – Journal of Geography, 1995
Maintains that the National Geography Standards provide teachers with a geographic perspective that will help them teach improved geography content. Asserts that teachers can make connections between the Geography Standards and their own classrooms. Presents five suggested classroom activities based on the National Geography Standards. (CFR)
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational Improvement

Nummedal, Susan G.; Halpern, Diane F. – Teaching of Psychology, 1995
Introduces a theme issue focusing on teaching critical thinking through college psychology courses. Defines critical thinking and asserts that "learning to think" has been called the central purpose of education. Refers to the Goals 2000 program and its emphasis on thinking skills. (CFR)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology, Critical Thinking, Curriculum Development

Bednarz, Sarah W.; Bednarz, Robert S. – Journal of Geography, 1994
Describes the national geography standards, "Geography for Life," part of the Goals 2000 program. Asserts that the standards define the most important elements of geography content and instruction. Discusses innovative features of the standards and presents suggestions for using them. (CFR)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Elementary Secondary Education, Environmental Education

McKeown-Ice, Rosalyn – Journal of Geography, 1994
Asserts that geography is an ideal discipline for environmental education. Argues that geographers study the environment in four major ways: (1) the natural environment; (2) the impact of human behavior on the environment; (3) environmental influences on human behavior; and (4) the landscape. (CFR)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Strategies, Educational Trends, Elementary Secondary Education

Wilbanks, T. J. – Journal of Geography, 1994
Maintains that the choice of geography as one of the core subjects in the America 2000 and Goals 2000 reform plans provides an opportunity to increase its role in the school curriculum. Argues that those who chose geography have a different view of the discipline than professional geographers. (CFR)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Assessment, Educational Policy, Educational Trends

Smith, Ralph A. – Arts Education Policy Review, 1995
Comments on remarks by A. Graham Down, president of the Council for Basic Education, about integrating arts education into the curriculum. Concludes that, when the arts are channeled into the mainstream and made part and parcel of everything, arts education becomes dangerously confused. (CFR)
Descriptors: Aesthetic Education, Art Education, Cognitive Processes, Curriculum Development

Fallis, Todd L. – Music Educators Journal, 1994
Contends that strides have been made toward fair representation of music in public education. Asserts that the results of the Goals 2000 and the national effort of the Music Educators National Conference will bring a new era. Discusses the national standards and three challenges to the music education. (CFR)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational Improvement, Educational Quality

Phillips, Douglas A. – Journal of Geography, 1994
Maintains that local school districts will soon be confronted with the task of implementing national standards in geography, history, civics, and government. Asserts that the geography community needs strong partners among teachers' unions and other educational organizations. (CFR)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Programs

Jumper, Sidney R. – Journal of Geography, 1994
Contends that recent progress in improving geography instruction at the precollegiate level is not yet reflected at the college level. Maintains that a successful effort to create consensus guidelines for college geography majors would enhance geography's reputation as a science discipline and improve student skills and creativity. (CFR)
Descriptors: Articulation (Education), Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational History

Hamblen, Karen A. – Arts Education Policy Review, 1995
Asserts that this is a frenetic time for arts education. Discusses the formation and implementation of public policy regarding arts education. Concludes that the most responsible policies emerge when broad-based input from professionals and lay persons is solicited and acted upon. (CFR)
Descriptors: Art Education, Curriculum Development, Educational Finance, Educational Objectives
Norton, Priscilla; Sprague, Debra – 1998
Belen Public Schools (New Mexico) received a Goals 2000 grant for teacher education and technology integration. The Belen Goals 2000 professional development project established two three-day teachers-teaching-teachers workshops. The first focused on using an integrated software package and the second focused on using e-mail and the Internet.…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Literacy, Computer Software, Curriculum Development

Lehman, Paul R. – Music Educators Journal, 1994
Maintains that the Music Educators National Conference (MENC) achieved an important symbolic victory by being a primary developer of the National Standards for Arts Education. Presents and discusses five issues related to the Goals 2000 program in general and the standards related to music education in particular. (CFR)
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Aesthetic Education, Curriculum Development, Educational Change
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