There is a longstanding debate on whether the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or the change score approach is more appropriate when analyzing non-experimental longitudinal data. In this article, we use a structural modeling perspective to clarify that the ANCOVA approach is based on the assumption that all relevant covariates are measured (i.e.,…

The randomized control trial (RCT) is the primary experimental design in education research due to its strong internal validity for causal inference. However, in situations where RCTs are not feasible or ethical, quasi-experiments are alternatives to establish causal inference. This paper serves as an introduction to several quasi-experimental…

A computational experiment investigating common organic chemistry mechanisms has been developed and implemented in a junior/senior-level physical chemistry laboratory course at two institutions. Students investigated various reactions that proceed via S[subscript N]1, S[subscript N]2, E1, and E2 mechanisms using hybrid Density Functional Theory…

In today's educational climate, physical education teachers are required to assess student learning in order to document student growth and demonstrate effectiveness as a teacher. However, because many schools limit the amount of time students spend in physical education, it is often difficult to assess student learning without it interfering with…

The Rasch model is a probabilistic model which describes the interaction of persons (test takers or survey respondents) with test or survey items and is governed by two parameters: item difficulty and person ability. Rasch measurement parallels physical measurement processes by constructing and using linear person and item measures that are…

Appropriate interpretation of assessment data requires an appreciation that tools are subject to measurement error. School psychologists recognize, at least on an intellectual level, that measures are imperfect--that test scores and other quantitative measures (e.g., rating scales, systematic behavioral observations) are best estimates of…

Pre-assessments at the start of teaching new content yielded information on what her students knew and might need, this math teacher found, but led many students to get nervous at a unit's beginning. To gauge students' understandings about math in a more inviting, stress-free way, she simply gave them drawings of protractors and asked "What…

James Madison University has used dedicated Assessment Days for more than 30 years to collect longitudinal data on student learning outcomes. Our model ensures all incoming students are tested twice: once before beginning classes and again after accumulating 45-70 credit hours. Although each student completes only four instruments during a 2-hour…

This report shares findings from EDC's evaluation study of "Cha-Ching Money Adventures." "Cha-Ching" is an interactive learning game that introduces 7- to 10-year-olds to fundamental financial concepts and fosters family dialogue about financial decisions. The authors found that the game was engaging for eight- and…

This chapter describes a service learning (SL) project implemented in an upper-level undergraduate "Cost Accounting" course to enhance the coverage of costing concepts. Employing a variation of Lafond, Leauby, and Wentzel (2017) SL task, students actively gather cost data for a business venture by preparing peanut butter and jelly…

This technical assistance paper provides policy and guidance to individuals with test administration responsibilities in adult education programs. Rule 6A-6.014, Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.), General Requirements for Adult General Education Programs, provides a list of assessments that are approved by the U.S. Department of Education (ED)…

Artificial intelligence-enabled adaptive learning systems (AI-ALS) are increasingly being deployed in education to enhance the learning needs of students. However, educational stakeholders are required by policy-makers to conduct an independent evaluation of the AI-ALS using a small sample size in a pilot study, before that AI-ALS can be approved…

Using simulation to teach business related concepts has been shown to improve student performance and learning. Developed almost two decades ago, an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) simulation game has seen wide adoption in traditional classrooms. However, report of its use in online classes has been rare. This teaching note shares experiences…

Students in academic contexts are expected to engage with large amounts of reading and they frequently meet unknown words and phrases in those reading materials. Previous research has shown that second and foreign language learners can acquire some of the unknown vocabulary that they encounter during reading. However, these previous findings were…

Environmental science is a broad, interdisciplinary field integrating aspects of biology, chemistry, earth science, geology, and social sciences. Mastery of basic science concepts and reasoning are therefore necessary for students to understand the interactions of different components in an environmental system. How do teachers identify and assess…