After describing the historical development of performance indicators in higher education and the illustrations that they provide for Goodhart's law, the paper discusses the difference between outcome and process indicators. It is suggested that, as long as the latter refer to underlying processes, and not to those immediately accessible, they can…

Explores what it would mean to "spread best practice" in educational measurement and considers lessons from the history of medicine and other scientific disciplines that are relevant to the development of educational theory and practice. Makes the case that these lessons point toward the use of less complex statistical tools and the collection and…