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Jean-Paul Fox – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2025
Popular item response theory (IRT) models are considered complex, mainly due to the inclusion of a random factor variable (latent variable). The random factor variable represents the incidental parameter problem since the number of parameters increases when including data of new persons. Therefore, IRT models require a specific estimation method…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Item Response Theory, Accuracy, Bayesian Statistics
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Yamaguchi, Kazuhiro; Okada, Kensuke – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2020
In this article, we propose a variational Bayes (VB) inference method for the deterministic input noisy AND gate model of cognitive diagnostic assessment. The proposed method, which applies the iterative algorithm for optimization, is derived based on the optimal variational posteriors of the model parameters. The proposed VB inference enables…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Statistical Inference, Cognitive Measurement, Mathematics
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Chen, Yunxiao; Lee, Yi-Hsuan; Li, Xiaoou – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2022
In standardized educational testing, test items are reused in multiple test administrations. To ensure the validity of test scores, the psychometric properties of items should remain unchanged over time. In this article, we consider the sequential monitoring of test items, in particular, the detection of abrupt changes to their psychometric…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Test Items, Test Validity, Scores
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Zhan, Peida; Jiao, Hong; Man, Kaiwen; Wang, Lijun – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2019
In this article, we systematically introduce the just another Gibbs sampler (JAGS) software program to fit common Bayesian cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) including the deterministic inputs, noisy "and" gate model; the deterministic inputs, noisy "or" gate model; the linear logistic model; the reduced reparameterized unified…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Computer Software, Models, Test Items
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Leckie, George – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2018
The traditional approach to estimating the consistency of school effects across subject areas and the stability of school effects across time is to fit separate value-added multilevel models to each subject or cohort and to correlate the resulting empirical Bayes predictions. We show that this gives biased correlations and these biases cannot be…
Descriptors: Value Added Models, Reliability, Statistical Bias, Computation
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Longford, Nicholas Tibor – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2016
We address the problem of selecting the best of a set of units based on a criterion variable, when its value is recorded for every unit subject to estimation, measurement, or another source of error. The solution is constructed in a decision-theoretical framework, incorporating the consequences (ramifications) of the various kinds of error that…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Classification, Guidelines, Undergraduate Students
Choi, Kilchan; Kim, Jinok – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2019
This article proposes a latent variable regression four-level hierarchical model (LVR-HM4) that uses a fully Bayesian approach. Using multisite multiple-cohort longitudinal data, for example, annual assessment scores over grades for students who are nested within cohorts within schools, the LVR-HM4 attempts to simultaneously model two types of…
Descriptors: Regression (Statistics), Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Longitudinal Studies, Cohort Analysis
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Koskinen, Johan; Stenberg, Sten-Ake – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2012
When studying educational aspirations of adolescents, it is unrealistic to assume that the aspirations of pupils are independent of those of their friends. Considerable attention has also been given to the study of peer influence in the educational and behavioral literature. Typically, in empirical studies, the friendship networks have either been…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Bayesian Statistics, Models, Friendship
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Mariano, Louis T.; McCaffrey, Daniel F.; Lockwood, J. R. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2010
There is an increasing interest in using longitudinal measures of student achievement to estimate individual teacher effects. Current multivariate models assume each teacher has a single effect on student outcomes that persists undiminished to all future test administrations (complete persistence [CP]) or can diminish with time but remains…
Descriptors: Persistence, Academic Achievement, Data Analysis, Teacher Influence
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Wang, Xiaohui; Bradlow, Eric T.; Wainer, Howard; Muller, Eric S. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2008
In the course of screening a form of a medical licensing exam for items that function differentially (DIF) between men and women, the authors used the traditional Mantel-Haenszel (MH) statistic for initial screening and a Bayesian method for deeper analysis. For very easy items, the MH statistic unexpectedly often found DIF where there was none.…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Licensing Examinations (Professions), Medicine, Test Items
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Wainer, Howard – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2010
In this essay, the author tries to look forward into the 21st century to divine three things: (i) What skills will researchers in the future need to solve the most pressing problems? (ii) What are some of the most likely candidates to be those problems? and (iii) What are some current areas of research that seem mined out and should not distract…
Descriptors: Research Skills, Researchers, Internet, Access to Information
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Vos, Hans J. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 1999
Formulates optimal sequential rules for mastery testing using an approach derived from Bayesian sequential decision theory to consider both threshold and linear loss structures. Adopts the binomial probability distribution as the psychometric model. Provides an empirical example for concept-learning in medicine. (SLD)
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Equations (Mathematics), Mastery Tests, Probability
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Mariano, Louis T.; Junker, Brian W. – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2007
When constructed response test items are scored by more than one rater, the repeated ratings allow for the consideration of individual rater bias and variability in estimating student proficiency. Several hierarchical models based on item response theory have been introduced to model such effects. In this article, the authors demonstrate how these…
Descriptors: Test Items, Item Response Theory, Rating Scales, Scoring
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Segawa, Eisuke – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2005
Multi-indicator growth models were formulated as special three-level hierarchical generalized linear models to analyze growth of a trait latent variable measured by ordinal items. Items are nested within a time-point, and time-points are nested within subject. These models are special because they include factor analytic structure. This model can…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Mathematical Models, Factor Analysis, Computer Simulation