The study compared living conditions (e.g., place of residence, daily occupations, attendance at evening classes, recreational activities, and social contacts) of 43 probands with Down Syndrome and 55 control subjects of similar chronological age (mean age 17 years) living in Denmark. (Author/DB)

This paper describes institutional reforms implemented at Kfar Tikvah, an Israeli community for 126 moderately mentally retarded individuals. The process of changing to the organizational structure used in the kibbutz system is examined through descriptions of reforms in everyday life, social life, and work and economic independence. (JDD)