This article encourages educators and speech-language pathologists to look beyond the language of African American English speakers for an explanation of the Black-White achievement gap in education. A brief historical overview shows that the attention to the performance of African American children in school began many years ago but gained…

A brief description of aspects of Arabic culture that may affect the effectiveness of language intervention is followed by descriptions of Arabic child-rearing practices, attitudes toward disabilities, nonverbal communication, communication style, difficulties experienced in learning English, and suggestions for clinicians working with…